Free Essays: Comparison of Beowulf and The Seafarer :: comparison compare contrast essays

A Comparison of Beowulf and The Seafarer Beowulf and The Seafarer In a comparison between Beowulf and The Seafarer one finds two contrast beliefs in hazard and the sea from the storys main characters. Beowulf is resigned to fate and is humble before the force of the sea, while The Seafarer is fearful of the powers of fate and the sea and is unwilling to accept them. Though the actions and thoughts of Beowulf give him a god-like appearance in the story he believes that God and fate work together. He boasts of his encounters with devilish sea creatures saying, I treated them politely,/ Offering the edge of my razor-sharp sword. This strong statement reveals Beowulfs divine and invulnerable self-confidence. To Beowulf, Fate saves/ The living when they drive away terminal by themselves. Beowulf is compelled to observe fate but does not feel it should completely rule him. He allows fate to direct his life, but not govern his actions. A display of Beowulfs belief in fate is evident when he says, Fate will unwind as it must. Meaning, there is a master political platform to the world with which he must live. When Unferth taunts him, Beowulf replies by questioning Unferths gentlemans gentlemanhood and makes a fool of him in front of everyone. Boasting, Neither he nor you can fit me. Though he tests fate, he has a more fearful respect for the sea. He knows its power from his race with Brecca. The seas were dark and harsh, but he remained humble and ventured through with(predicate) the murky waters because of this respect. As a contrast to Beowulfs beliefs, the Seafarer feels that fate destroys all and takes everything away. Fate is an all mighty power to him and no man can control it, no matter what he does. Fate is stronger/ And God mightier than any mans mind. This shows the Seafarers fearful surrender to these unearthly powers. Wondering what fate has willed and will do. Yet with all this fear and sorrow he does not accept it, but rather wills it away. He is afraid of its power and ability to be stronger than any man. Though he fears fate he is ambivalent toward the sea. This indecisiveness is so overpowering it has taken over his life. While ashore, safe and secure see his favorite mead hall, he longs for the embrace of the sea.

Coastal Erosion :: science

Coastal ErosionWith Reference to examples discuss the view that coastal erosion is caused by human intervention as a posed to innate processes.For many decades the approach to rapid coastal erosion was to build up ocean defenses, to try and slow down or dismantle stop the erosion. Initially the attempts were thought a success, however after some years it was realized that the power of the sea and waves could overcome human attempts. Only could protective cover be a success if huge costs were going to be involved. Many methods around the British Isles have taken place in he last 50 years with many failures occurring. It is very r atomic number 18 to find a coastline that shows a decrease in the tread of erosion over many years after defenses are in place. In fact in places the defenses seem to have speeded up the erosion process. Coastal erosion is a natural process of erosion, transportation and deposition, interfering with this balance could be to blame for the rise in erosion o n the coasts of some areas. Groynes have been built out to sea in many areas of the British coastline. Their aim is to trap material and thus slow down the rate of long shore drift. However, these groynes in some areas are been blamed for the rise in erosion rates further down the coast. On the Holderness coastline in Humberside, erosion is taking place at a rate of about 2 meters per year. Along this coast there is a strong action of long shore drift taking place, which over centuries has produced a knife to form on the southern tip of Holderness, called Spurn Head spit. The spit is over 4km long and 100 meters wide. The majority of this coastline is glacial till, a soft imperfect material, which is easily eroded. This however is not thought of as the only reason for the rapid rates of erosion. Human interference is thought to be another cause, as a result of the sea defenses put in place. A rock groyne was built at Mappleton, to create a wider beach. This in turn would answer p rotect the coastline, by absorbing the wave energy. Then at Withernsea a concrete sea wall with a splash back and boulder rip-rap in front of it was created. These defenses were to cause great problems. The groyne meant that material moving down the coast by long shore drift would get stuck behind the groyne.

Female Deception in Aristophanes Essays -- Aristophanes Women Thesmoph

Female Deception in AristophanesThe sly, deceptive nature of women in past Greece is a prominent theme in the comic plays of Aristophanes. Like many other Grecian writers, his depiction of crimes committed by women slanders their reputation and reinforces the negative female stereotypes of the times. heretofore when one looks at the issue through the eyes of the female characters in his plays, womens fabrication appears to be non only natural, but even laudable for its reliability and aide in leadership, and is relatively insubstantial compared to the crimes committed by men. In particular, his two plays Women at the Thesmophoria and Assemblywomen show that female attitudes about deception were alter depending on the crime, and that if a womans deception was for a good cause it was pardoned in the eyes of her fellow matrons.In Women at the Thesmophoria, a Kinsman of Euripides disguises himself as a woman and sneaks into the festival of the Thesmophoria in order to defend the tragic poet, who the women want to kill because he slanders them in his plays. In her speech against him at the festival, Mika complains that he calls them lover-bangers, nymphos, wine-oglers, disloyal, chattery, unwholesome, the bane of mens lives (lines 431-432). On the one hand, these women do not deny the charges Euripides brings against them but seem only to want to continue getting extraneous with them without being caught, ironically giving proof to their deceptive nature. In lines 384-396 the female Herald actually admits that these types of crimes do occur in the household. However, the womens acceptance of them varies. small-arm they defend the practice of baby-swapping, they denounce women who betray lovers, elderly women who steal youn... ...n of deceit in women by no means lessens the restrictions on gender roles and norms in Ancient Greek society, it suggests that womens opinions on deception were much more tolerant if the circumstances behind the deceit made it excusable. Women seem to view their own deception as innate, useful in certain situations, and insignificant compared to the vulgar, selfish acts of men. The combination of these female attitudes with those of the male characters gives womens deceit both positive as intumesce as negative connotations. Whether a male comedians perception of womens attitudes about deceit reflects actual female opinion or not is still to be contested, but even by poking fun at womens ability to rule Aristophanes is giving the Athenian women some join about their own deceptive characteristics and creates a more well-rounded look at female deception as a whole.

Confucianism and Taoism :: Chinese China History

Confucianism and TaoismThe Chinese people wipe out three main traditions in their history- Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism. I am going to be talking about Confucianism and Taoism. Both of these date back to the Sixth Century B.C. The traditional founder of Taoism is Confucius and Laozi. On top of many other things Confucius was a very potent speaker. Throughout time, his teachings, and preaching developed into a religion. He spoke to a wide variety of people.Daoist tend to look back to Laozi as their founder. Over centuries, Taoism was transform from a small religion, very conservative, into a loosely organized religion.During the Second Century B.C., a ruler named Han had the most part in it. A oversize number of religious groups rose from this because of the social and political disorder.One of these groups named the Yellow Turbans in eastern China., fought Han in 184 B.C. This led to a civil war. Han lost pronouncement and power, and his generals became warlords. Then, in W estern China, a group known as the Way of the Celestial Masters came into power.From the Second Century B.C., Taoists and others believed it was possible to find an elixir which would rile them immortal. An elixir is a sweetened alcoholic medicinal preparation, but back in ancient philosophy it was thought to be for changing base metals into gold, or for prolonging life. Research flourished because of this belief. But the chief ingredient, cinnabar, was found to be poisonous. Many imperial deaths ensued from this.But this was not the only way to achieve immortality back in ancient times. Another belief said that a man would have to acquire 108 women to get granted 10,000 years of life.For more than 2,000 years ,Chinese, Japananese, and Korean people have lived in cultures that were greatly influenced by the thoughts of Confucius. Confucius saw himself as an ordinary man doing a good deed for a diverse group of cultures. He taught his better half human beings moral behavior and goo d family relationships. He thought that they are the key to a well ordered society. People valued his opinions and teachings very very much and followed them in every day life. Confucius himself avoided talking about religion, but at the same time recognized the importance of worshipping his ancestors. He believed that he was not command by religion, but by a higher power called heaven.Confucius lived at a time when China was changing.

Affirmative Action Essay -- Race Racism

Affirmative ActionThe Webster dictionary defines positive action as an active effort to improve the employment or educational opportunities of members of minority groups This paper will discuss the history of affirmative action and its effects on education and the work force in our society. I will argue why affirmative action is necessary for minorities to gain equal opportunities educationally and economically and how affirmative action is morally required as reparation for aside discrimination. I will also discuss why many people hope that affirmative action is a step in the wrong direction and point out several arguments as to why we should get rid of affirmative action and try to validate their claims. Affirmative action requires that supervisors in charge of economic and educational opportunities take into consideration a candidates sex, disabilities, and ethnical background when accepting positions, especially if the candidates ethnic affiliation has had a history of racial discrimination. These minority groups are entitled to special considerations, typically viewed as payments made by the government to settle past discrimination. The effects of affirmative action conduct been well seen in economic and educational systems where educators and employers have long been pressured into giving preference to minorities even if they lesser qualifications, to help write off past discrimination. Affirmative action was established on the basis that because of the past discrimination of races, our nation was unable to flourish into what it should have become- a nation which provided equal opportunity regardless of a persons race. It is in my tactile sensation that had our country never oppressed colored people to such a great exten... ...nathan. Long Way to Go Black and White in America. radical York Atlantic Monthly Press, 1998.Thomas D. Boston, Affirmative Action and Black Entrepreneurship. New York Routledge, 1999.Geiger, H Jack. Race and Health Care-An Am erican Dilemma? New England Journal of music 335(11)815-816 (1996)Gould, Stephen Jay. The Mismeasure of Man. New York Norton & Co., 1981.Curry, George. The Affirmative Action Debate. Massachusetts Addison Wesley, 1996.Wise, A.E., Darling-Hammond. Effective teacher selection From recruitment to retention. R-3462-NIE/CSTP, Washington, DC RAND Corporation., 1987Rosenfeld, Michel. Affirmative Action and Justice A Philosophical and constituent(a) Inquiry. New Haven Yale University Press, 1991.Rothman, Stanley Lipset, Seymour Martin & Nevitte, Neil, Racial Diversity Reconsidered, The Public Interest Spring 2003.

Knowledge: Books Or Experience Essay

Knowledge can be gained by dint of various means, the most important being reading the books. Experinced is also champion of the important agent to gained the indepth knowledge. There has been always a controversy between the two about which one gives richer and broader view of knowledge. I personaly feel that this two are interrelated, in the sentience one follows the other. Knowledge gained finished reading the books is of no use unless and untill we implement it in our practical life. Implementing the knowledge is nothing but the experince gained through it.Books are the coarse storage of knowledge. Numerous books are available on varied subject. One can gain indepth knowledge by reading varied books on that topic. This get out give the individual broader and richer view on that topic. However, untill and unless he implement his knowledge in his practical life, the knowledge gained will be of no use. For instance, the Lawer has to read varied books during their professiona l life. He needs to know the broader and perspective view of each and every law he studies. But his knowledge will be of no use untill he implement it. It is through experince that he will come to know where to apply the particular law or any penal code. So his knowledge about law will follow the use of it in practical life.There are certain other example to support this point. An engine room student will use his knowledge gained through reading the books on engineering subject in an industry. Doctors, scientist, bureacrats, etc all needs to first go through books on their choosen subject and later on the knowledge gained through this will service them to implement it in day to day life.see more wherefore are books better than tvHowever, there are certain things which can be gained through years of experince. But in the long the term that may not be that much helpful. For instance, take the case of share broker who has a little knowledge about the stock exchange terms. However, h is vast experince in the long term help him to cope up with all the ups and down in the share market. But his experince will be of a little help if he does not know some of the crucial terms and will put him in jeopardy. Such crucial terms can be gained through reading the books only and not through experinced.In sum, it is the experinced gained after reading the books that gives indepth knowledge of certain thing. Knowledge through books and experinced after that are process which follows one after another. Indepth knowledge about certain thing can be obtained after implementing your knowledge gained through reading books.

Hunting and mindset Essay

I believe if you have a fixed mindset its never too late to change and adapt to a growth mindset. The growth mindset get let out lead you to try new things but a fixed mindset will stop you in your tracks do you only to fail. The type of mindset you have is very important because it will influence your life in many ways. What is the difference between a growth and fixed mindset? Well a growth or verifying mindset leads to a desire to learn and therefore a tendency to take over challenges, persist in the face of set impales, see effort as the path to mastery, and learn from criticism, and find lessons in the success of others.As a result you will reach even higher levels of achievement. A fixed or negative mindset leads to a tendency to look smart at any cost. therefrom a tendency to avoid challenges, give up easily, see effort as fruitless or worse, ignore useful negative feedback, and feel jeopardize by the success of others. As a result you will plateau early and achieve le ss than your full potential. Some of the ways a positive mind set modify my life happened early in my life. For example when I was ten years old I went to camp seven hills and took on archery.It was really hard but I learned it very quickly and never gave up. When I got home from camp I asked my dad if I could go hunting with him once I was old enough and he told me girls cant hunt we are too weak. Because I had a growth mindset I never gave up I practiced without my father every day for three years. I got my hunting license when I was thirteen and went with my friend microphone and his parents to their cabin in Olean NY. It was really cold out that day I remember shaking while perched up in my tree I treasured to give up so bad but I wanted to prove my dad wrong and show him that girls can hunt.Finally a 8 point buck walks in my range I got my bow ready and breathing slowly I pull back the arrow aim for the come out spot let go WAMM right threw his lungs. I was so excited knowin g I just proved to my father that I can do anything I put my mind to. After I turned fifteen I started to develop more of a fixed mindset towards educate which impacted my life in many ways. It all started with failing one test and my life spiraled downhill from there.It was 2003 and I thought I was on top of the reality I could pass any test without studying and I thought I knew everything, but what I didnt know is how this stuck up attitude was passing to change my life in a huge way. I walked into my class head in the clouds sad down and looked at my test spelling ha this is going to be easy I muttered. I flew through the test pass on it in and walked out. The next day I got to class and my teacher handed me my test my jaw dropped this has to be a mistake I couldnt of got only a 63% on my test you had to grade it wrong I yelled to the teacher.She gave me detention for yelling at her in class but I didnt bother going I was so mad. I started skipping school and going to partie s because at this point I started not to care anymore. When I got home one day my dad grounded me because the school called him and mentioned my behavior to him. I was so mad I ran away from home and started drinking and doing drugs. This caused me to get put in a detention center when I was sixteen and when I got out I moved in with my mother because she didnt care what I did.Now twenty-three I have started to work at getting back into a positive mindset so I can be a good role model for my daughter. In order for someone to sham a growth mindset, they would have to care about what their mindset is, understand why they act the way they do, and understand that they can change, and the reason for change, which would be to operate a better person, which they would also have to care about. Our mindset will affect us in many ways and it can also affect the people around us which are why we should try to keep a growth mindset.

Mary Shelley present Frankenstein Essay

Frankenstein was written in 1812 by a woman called bloody shame Shelley, at the age of 19, this shows that she is genuinely intelligent because to write such a novel with so much understanding at a very teenage age shows that she was a dedicated fe manful author who studied very hard. At first when I heard of the novel Frankenstein I straight outside(a) thought without any doubt that it was a man who wrote this novel, because firstly it was a horror story so that instantly clicked in my mind to think that it was a man but I was very shocked to find out that the author of the novel was actually a women.This seemed very unusual to me because firstly at that clip egg-producing(prenominal) authors were less well thought of than male authors and also even if female writers wrote books you would expect them to be all flowery and cosy event but for a women to write a novel with such imagination, creativity and devilish thoughts seemed very unusual with the basic fact that she was a wo men. This again showed that she was very intelligent. She also didnt put her human body on the book for 13 years, this was because of the fact that mentioned earlier about female writers being less thought of than male writers.I believe that she done this because during that time there might have been a roundabout of sexism and she believed that if she put her name on the book than a solidifying of people may not have bought it because she was a female and when she did put her name on the book I am sure that a lot of people were shocked to hear that it was written by a women. She probably played a vital part in raising the confidence of female writers and broke the deadlock for all female authors. The novel was about a young ambitious scientist who is keen to prove that he can create life.The scientists name is Victor Frankenstein. He accomplished his mission but all his dreams about this being were crushed when he realised what a monster he had created. Frankenstein ran by from the monster and left it to a life of loneliness. The monster learned how to talk and read and soon tracked down Victor Frankenstein. After being case-hardened badly by humans the monster had one thing on his mind which was revenge. The novel starts with a letter from Robert Walton an explorer, to his sister. He is preparing to go on his port to his desired destination the North Pole.He is a very ambitious man and he wants to go on this expedition because no man has eer set foot there. Walton writes Never before imprinted by the foot of man Walton also wants to be the man who discovers the route to the North Pole because at that time there was no route to this area of the world. This shows how desperate he was to go there and his ambitiousness. He trained his body for the expedition and Walton tells us I voluntarily endured cold, famine, thirst and of want of sleep This proves his determination and how serious he was about his venture.

Family Issues as the Main Cause of Violence Essay

What is the main(prenominal)(prenominal) cause of vehemence in Master Harold and the Boys? Master Harold And the Boys written by Refaat Rayhan uses South Africa during the Apartheid era as the main setting that illustrates institutionalized racism and how it unconsciously affects the characters. H eitherys warm relationship with two black African servants reflects humanitys potential to dispel racial boundaries. Since Hally has spent a great part of his youth with these two Black African waiters, they created a unique sense of human attachment that may count peculiar to most people that.Simultaneously however, the political climate due to apartheid system becomes apparent as the story progresses. The play centrally gives the full stupor of Hally, Sam and Willies simple conversation of the daily events and problems in their lives and how the conversation reflects the hidden effects of Apartheid system with these characters especially on Hallys part. It is apparent that the prevai ling manifestation of violence here is how the characters unconsciously respond and conform to racial differences.However, it can be concluded in this story that family issues also triggers the theme of violence in their midst of conservation. Hally who has lacked an optimistic fatherly presence in his life has unconsciously looked to Sam to fill some of that fatherly role. The unsatisfactory image of Hallys father who is drunken cripple of a man and self centered pervades throughout the play. Hallys self esteem and self worth has been damaged all over the years because of his fathers shortcomings and imperfections. His father trials and tribulations have been shouldered by Hally as his own.Hallys hostility and ambiguity of character in the play especially in the conversation is being manifested every time he is being confronted by his draw on the ph unmatchable call. The conversation of Hally, Sam and Willie started humorously. They initially chatted almost ball room competition and later, Hally and Sam teases each other around Wiliess dancing and his dancing partner. Hally in the beginning of the play displays his fondness and fond interest in the lives of the boys with his optimistic affirmation and approval of their ballroom dancing.Hallys ambiguity of character is of course initially discernable on how he unconsciously and subtly respond to the social construction reality of albumens and blacks differences during the whole course of conversation. But lets counseling on family issues as a triggering point that revealed the real nature of Hally and his tendencies to subtly demonstrate racism. The abrupt and short lived call of his mother once in a while disturbs Hallys moments of optimism and reminisces with his fond memories with two blacks. The violence here is manifested with the mood alteration of Hally every time his mother calls.In the first call, the news that his mother is bringing his father home from the hospital that day makes Hally uneas y. Since he believes that his father has not fully recovered yet makes him disappointed with the news. As a firmness of purpose he becomes agitated with both Sam and Willie, reminding them that they should go back to work. On the second call when her mother confirmed that she is bringing her father home from the hospital, Hally argues with her besides loses the argument. He eventually turns his anger loose on Sam and Willie.On the third call of his mother, Hally is forced to speak to his father and pretended to be joyous about the homecoming. Sam, aware of whats happening opposes Hally from disrespecting his father. Hally whose pride is hurt, blows out against Sam as he never has before. Hally out of anger reminded Sam of his status as a servant not a friend or a father or any special relationship. Note that Hally, Sam and Willie speak familiarly and affectionately to each other especially as they reminisce the old days when Hallys family is out of picture, but the course of the conversation altered as Hally is faced with the pressures of his family issues.Hallys hidden and unknown familiarity in racial differences taught by his parents is revealed. What is the main cause of violence in American X? The visual get of the movie especially in the series of flashbacks to the years leading up to Dereks crime and punishment obviously illustrates violence. One might say that the main theme or reasons of violence here is the disastrous implications of racism and hate since Danny and Derek, who are the main protagonists, are both white supremacist that advocate the conviction that white people are superior than any other race.However, the explanations of Danny and Dereks radical changes in behavior should not be perceived as relentlessly one dimensional alone but rather should look closer to the Derek and Dannys family background since the subtle voice- overs in the film also guide the viewers about the events of their familys life. Derek, on the peaked of his teen age years was initially influenced by his firefighter father who was an assumed racism. When Dereks father is murdered in a drive by shooting, shortly afterward Derek was transformed from a white ordinary teenager to a vengeance seeking white supremacist.The death of Dereks father unconsciously influence his future endeavors in different forms of violence. Derek eventually involved himself from minority gangs in their area that commits acts of violence and intimidation. Derek with his skills and abilities became a leader that all these wannabes skinheads look up to including his younger brother Danny. Danny idolizes his bother that inspire his future involvement in crime and punishments. But when Derek was been in prison once and emerge with a desire to change attitudes and fates, Danny got disappointed that reflects change of heart as something brutal. The brutalities manifested in the movie started from Dereks father up to how Derek greatly influences his brother. blend CitedPage American History X. Prod. Morrissey, John. McKenna, David. Hess, Jon. Carraro, Bill. Witten, Brian. Peak, Kearie. Turman, Lawrence. De Luca, Michael. Tisch, Steve. Dir. Kaye, Tony. Perf. Edward Norton, Edward Furlong, Beverly DAngelo, Fairuza Balk, Avery Brooks. New Line Cinema, 1998. Fugard, Athol. Master Harold and the Boys. Penguin Books, 1984

Identify potential weaknesses from either the Aircraft Solutions or Quality Web Design Company Essay

In this phase you go forth choose either Aircraft Solutions or Quality Web Design as the company you will work with. The scenarios are in Doc Sharing in the Course support select area. You will then identify potential security weaknesses. security measures weaknesses You must choose two from the following three areas (hardware, software, and policy excluding password policies) and identify an item that requires improved security.To define the asset or policy with ample detail to justify your assessment, your assessment must admit* the vulnerability associated with the asset or policy* the possible menaces against the asset or policy* the likelihood that the threat will occur (risk)* the consequences to mission critical dividing line processes should the threat occur * how the organizations competitive edge will be affected should the threat occurTo clarify an item that requires improved security, you must identify bingle of these items* one hardware and one software weakness * one hardware and one policy weakness* one software and one policy weaknessOther required elements allow* Cover sheet* APA-style* In-text citations and Reference section* marginal length 3 pages, maximum length 5 pages (not counting rachis sheet,diagram(s), references). Do not exceed the maximum length. manikin II the Course Project (comprised of Phase I and II) Recommend solutions to the potential weaknesses from either the Aircraft Solutions or Quality Web Design CompanyIn this phase of the project you will take on Part I (presumably improved as needed based upon Week 3 feedback) and then you will recommend solutions for the security weaknesses you identified in the Phase I.Definition of the solution Hardware solutions must include trafficker, major specifications with an emphasis on the security features, and location of placement with diagram. Software solutions must include vendor and major specifications, with an emphasis on security features. Policy solutions must inc lude the complete portion of the policy that addresses the weakness identified. Any outsourced solution must include the above details and the critical elements of the service level agreement.Justification You must address the efficacy of the solution in terms of the identified threats and vulnerabilities the cost of the solution, including its leverage (if applicable) and its implementation, including training and maintenance.Impact on business processes You must discuss any potential positive or negative effects of the solution on business processes and discuss the need for a trade-off between security and business requirements using quantitative rather than simply qualitative statements.Other required elements include* Cover sheet* APA-style* In-text citations and Reference section* 5 reference minimum* Minimum length of solutions 6 pages, maximum length 10 pages (not countingcover sheet, diagram(s), references). Do not exceed the maximum lengthP.S. Phase 1 is done and attached . Just need help with phase 2.

Prejudice Worksheet

Please complete the following exercises, remembering that you are in an academic setting and should remain unbiased, considerate, and professional when complementary this worksheet. place I Select three of the identity categories below and name or describe at least 3 related stereotypes for each rush Ethnicity Religion Gender Sexual orientation Age Disability Category Stereotype 1 Stereotype 2 Stereotype 3 Race the great unwashed say black people are lazy. People say white people are smart People say Jews are cheap plainly and blonds are dumb. rich. Religion Wiccan Pentacle Study, worship theGothic people are very weird and Muslims are terrorist and women devil. violent. are beneath them. Sexual Orientation When someone see a feminine man When someone sees masculine women People say homosexuality is wrong and call him gay. she is a lesbian. and immoral. Part II resultant each question in 50 to 100 words related to those stereotypes. Provide citations for all t he sources you use. What are the positive aspects of stereotypes, if any?The aspects of positive stereotypes can be positive if a person know the difference and have the knowledge to understand what a person may be stating. If we prefer to someone as a jock we are acknowledging that this person is into sports. A person that is known to be preferred to by Gothic or Punk is because of the type of harmony they listen to and the type of clothing they wear. Usually no one is offended by this because it is factual and evident and these are positive aspects of stereotypes. What are the minus aspects of stereotypes?The negative aspects of stereotypes are the lack of understanding, the ignorance, and the labeling of someone to hurt their feelings as an item-by-item or a group of people. A person may see a effeminate with a short hair cut like a man and call them a dike without getting to know who that person is and assuming that this is what they are. Part III Answer each question in 50 to 150 words related to those stereotypes. Provide citations for all the sources you use. Define stereotypes and outrage. What is the difference between stereotyping and disfavor?Use examples to illustrate the differences. Stereotype is something conforming to a fixed or general pattern, a standardized mental picture that is held in common by members of a group and that represents an oversimplified opinions, prejudiced attitude, or uncritical judgment. Prejudice is prejudgment and negative attitude based on sex, race, age, sexual orientation, nationality, socioeconomic status, and religion towards an individual or group of people. The difference between stereotype and prejudice is that stereotype is standardized beliefs about people based on some prior assumptions.Prejudice is a type of judgment or assumption about somebody before having sufficient knowledge to judge with accuracy. slip of stereotype is all policemen eat donuts. Example of prejudice is an organization that hires more males and reject females are known to be prejudice. What is the relationship between stereotyping and prejudice? The relationship between stereotyping and prejudice is that stereotyping promotes prejudice and that prejudice reduction depends on stereotype change.Prejudice also influences the extent of stereotyping. The outstanding theoretical tradition posits that this effect emerges because prejudice encourages the use of stereotypes as a means to justify societal inequality (e. g. , Allport, 1954 Katz & Braly, 1933 Lippmann, 1922). What can be done to prevent prejudice from occurring? Intolerance stems from ignorance and arrogance this go hand in hand and people deprivation to understand and have the knowledge non to pre-judge people.In order to prevent prejudice from occurring we need to begin now with the way we are raising our children and teach them not to be judgmental and preconceive people before we get to know someone. Teach them not to assume to not like someone because of the color of their discase or where they come from. People are people no matter what they may look like, getting to know a person is very important and not to judge a book by its cover. Have rallies of all race and culture so people can have a break-dance understanding of others. It starts at home teach your children a better way so that they will understand life in a better perspective.

Is the ‘Philosophy of Swine’ Objection a Telling Criticism of Utilitarian Theory?

Is the philosophy of swine objection a telling criticism of Utilitarian possibility? Why or why not? Philosophy of swine. This was work forcetioned by loiter criticizing Benthams utilitarianism. Before looking at Mills criticism, historical background of the birth of utilitarianism should be discussed ahead. Utilitarianism arose in the Industrial Revolution period. As nations became industrialized in the eighteenth century, bourgeois an industrial middle class, appeared demanding new semipolitical and economic theory which would hold in their own interests.In the economic sphere, Adam Smith introduced laissez-faire theory following new eras request. However, political theory was still remaining at social contract theory of the seventeenth century. Especially, as Britain was enjoying its period of political and constitutional stability after the Glorious Revolution, social contract theory which explains genuineness of a government didnt attract peoples attention every more. Going through the social fluctuations, Bentham came up with an idea called utilitarianism. Benthams theory was remarkably progressive that he was considered as philosophical radicals.In accordance with the bourgeois demand for theory appropriate to those days, Benthams utilitarianism was based on a real simple premise every man pursues happiness. A single behavior is determined to be moral or not by whether it creates happiness. This makes utilitarianism solely digest on the consequence of the act. Bentham also insists that every choice should be made toward the maximization of benefit. Regarding making political decisions, we should follow the policy that yields the superior happiness of the greatest number.However, Benthams theory is denounced by Mill, because it doesnt acknowledge the objective standard of values. When Bentham deals with the happiness, that only count is the total aggregation of the amount of happiness. The standard and fictional character of the pleasure is tota lly disregarded. For example, there is no difference in quality in the midst of satisfied satiety after eating delicious food and the persuasion of academic accomplishment. However, Mill completes Utilitarianism criticizing and supplementing this quantitative utilitarianism. It is better to be a human being displease than a pig satisfied better to be Socrates dissatisfied than a fool satisfied. This famous phrase denotes that human happiness is inseparable from the question of quality, and there exists much higher level of pleasure. It is reasonable for Mill to pink Benthams utilitarianism as the philosophy of swine. However, not all utilitarian theories should be regarded as the swine philosophy. Mill developed qualitative utilitarianism with this criticism and also established liberalism thoughts on this ground, which still has a significant impact on todays political theory.Thus, the answer to the given question is partly yes and partly no. This leaven ordain endeavor to e xplain that utilitarianism is more than just hedonism utilitarianism completed by Mill, liberal thoughts suggested in On Liberty, and its impact on move over society will be discussed further. First of all, Mill introduced the concept of quality to existing utilitarianism. He suggested that some kinds of pleasure are more desirable and more valuable than others. psychical pleasure is much superior to physical and instinctive pleasure, because only human beings can experience the former.For this reason, Mills utilitarianism is often called humanized utilitarianism. Another factor out that distinguishes Mill from Bentham is that his idea of compatibility between individual returns and social utility. This argument is also used when criticizing Bentham who saw human beings as selfish entities. Contrarily, Mill concluded that men do not always pursue an immediate profit. Of course, human beings are fundamentally self-centered, but they can give up present interests since they can identify the future through long-term perspective.For example, volunteer workers who seek for positive change in the future cannot be explained by Benthams standpoint. Human beings become an element that enables them to sacrifice themselves and find their lives worth living for social utility. In this way, Mill completed more refined utilitarian theory emphasizing the harmony between individual and society. In his famous work On Liberty, Mill put great emphasis on social liberty as well as individual liberty. He relates human behavior with social utility and stresses again that human beings are not obsessed with immediate interests.He says that I regard utility as the ultimate appeal on all ethical questions but it must be utility in the largest sense, grounded on the permanent interests of man as a progressive being. What we should take note from this is that human beings are progressive. This is the distinctive part where Mills theory excels Benthams. Aforementioned, men can de sert present interest since they are progressive entities, expecting future advantages. In a word, Mill upgraded the notion of utility to the means to mens durable profits. The concept utility is used in modern political philosophy in relation to welfare.In this manner, utilitarianism, from the nineteenth century to present days, has worked as a central part of political theories, and has had a great influence on democracy as a foundation of liberalism. Thus, to condemn utilitarianism as hedonistic theory cannot be justified. The last factor defending utilitarianism from such criticism is that it provides a basic ground for securing freedom of thought and speech. This is also closely connected with utilitarianism which formed the basis of Mills theory. Individual freedom should be guaranteed under either circumstances, because it is directly correlated to social utility.Mill particularly gives priority to freedom of thought and speech more than any other freedom. The premise of the freedom of thought and speech is that every opinion has a possibility of being a fallacy. Mill insists that If the opinion is right, they are deprived of the opportunity of exchanging error for truth. This can be justified from the utilitarian perspective, because every opinion, albeit it is a minority opinion, is possible enough to contribute to the progress of the society. All thoughts and expressions have utility for the development of humanity.The fact known to us as a truth can turn out to be false at any time the Copernican theory exploded pervading heliocentric theory and Einsteins theory of relativity reversed existing scientific system. Consequentially, a upper limit guaranteed freedom produces increased happiness for mankind. This is a crucial part of liberalism that emphasizes the minimization of the government intervention in individuals for every persons freedom. Liberalism established by Mill became the very foundation of western political philosophy until Rawls theo ry appears.From this, the importance of utilitarianism is induced it is more than just hedonistic theory. So far weve done for(p) through some reasons why utilitarianism is not the philosophy of swine that appeals to human instinct, putting Mills idea at the center. It is true that early utilitarian intellect Bentham suggested somewhat hedonistic theory. However, his idea of utilitarianism that consequence counts the most has worked as a fundamental root of utilitarianism and was revised, developed, and completed by Mill. Swine philosophy objection is only sound when criticizing Bentham, but it is also ard to deny that Bentham did contribute to the establishment of modern political thoughts by setting up a radical theory of that time. Thus, swine objection seems tall(prenominal) to be an effective critique to utilitarianism. (1,195 words) Bibliography Bentham, Jeremy. An Introduction to the principles of morals and legislation. Oxford Clarendon Press, 1907. Mill, J. S. Utilitaria nism, Liberty, phonation Government. London Dent, 1972. Mulgan, Tim. Understanding Utilitarianism. Stocksfield U. K. Acumen, 2007. Riley, Jonathan. Liberal Utilitarianism social choice theory and J. S. Mills Philosophy.Cambridge England youthful York Cambridge University Press, 1988. Riley, Jonathan. What are Millian Qualitative Superiorities? Prolegomena Journal of Philosophy 7, no. 1 (2008) 61-79. 1 . Jeremy Bentham, Of the Principle of Utility, in An Introduction to the principles of morals and legislation (Oxford Clarendon Press, 1907), 1-7. 2 . John Stuart Mill, Utilitarianism, Liberty, Representative Government (London Dent, 1972), 9. 3 . Ibid. , 7. 4 . Mill, Utilitarianism, Liberty, Representative Government, 74. 5 . Ibid. , 79.

Albert Einstein’s vs. Newton: General Theory of Relativity

Albert sensation, most famously known as a physicist, was a ratifier to the scientific homo with his many known researches and humanitarian work. As a Nobel Prize Winner in 1921, his chronicled and more measurable works include especial(a) speculation of theory of theory of relativity (1905), Relativity (English Translation, 1920 and 1950), habitual surmisal of Relativity (1916), Investigations on Theory of Brownian Movement (1926), and The Evolution of Physics (1938). (Nobel Prize Foundation, 1921) In e really(prenominal) his important works, whizs Theory of Relativity has lead the delegacy for how science currently views time, blank distance, energy, and sedateness.Relativity, which all drive must be defined relative to a frame of reference and that space and time be relative, rather than absolute concepts, consists of cardinal principal parts The theory dealing with uniform social takement, or the Special Theory of Relativity (1905) and the theory dealing with graveness, or the General Theory of Relativity (1916). (dictionary. com, pars. 2) Einsteins Special Theory of Relativity is the physical theory of measurement in inertial frames of reference.Although Einsteins Special Theory of Relativity was special because it dealt only with inertial reference frames his General Theory of Relativity accounts not only for these, but also for bodies that accelerate and are based on the postulate that the topical anaesthetic effects of a gravitational field and of acceleration of an inertial system are identical. (dictionary. com, pars. 2) An example of Einsteins Special Relativity One of the peculiar aspects of Einsteins theory of special relativity is that the length of ends miserable at relativistic speeds undergo a contr lickion along the prop of motion.An observer at lay (relative to the base reject) would observe the moving object to be shorter in length. General relativity or the commonplace theory of relativity (GR) in whole is the ge ometric theory of gravitation. It is what we currently define as gravity in modern natural philosophy. GR integrates with special relativity in relatively, but GR consists of northwards impartiality of universal joint gravitation and describes gravity as a property of the geometry of space and time. Even though special relativity intertwines a lot with general relativity, these cardinal viewpoints are really what GR is ab erupt and relate greatly to for distributively one other.In the maiden viewpoint of GR, it is a theory of the behavior of space and time. Before the twentieth century, all physics theorists assumed space and time to be absolutes, or separated from each other. Now called spacetime, unneurotic space and time formed a background within which national moved. (Felder, pars. 4-5) In Einsteins theory of GR, this physical theory was to describe how different kinds of matter would inter influence with each other and auspicate their motions. The theories of space a nd time greatly changed after the development of the Special Relativity Theory and shortly ulterior the General Relativity Theory by Einstein.This results that space and time came to be viewed as the important variables in physics, which are capable of being changed by the mater within them and in turn changing the way that matter behaves. (Felder, pars. 5) seattime is an important factor in GR. In newtons solid ground and before the 20th century, physics space and time again were viewed completely separately. In relativity theory, time is the fourth dimension our world has or else of the three one would think there is. It is hard to picture a 4D world, so to make things simpler lets picture a 2D world.As shown in diagram 1, we keister view spacetime as a 2D surface where the horizontal burster is space and the vertical direction is time. The diagram below shows the world line of an object in a one-dimensional space (Felder, pars. 7) (Diagram 1) A spacetime diagram like this is very critical to help in under expecting relativity. It answers questions like Whats the world line of a particle at rest? What the world line of a particle moving with constant speed in one direction? How would you describe the motion of a particle with the world line shown below?Viewing spacetime this way allows us to formulate physics in new ways. It is a similar way in getting Newtons first law of motion, which states that an object with no force playacting on it bequeath move in a on-key line at a constant and we can retributory say that the world line of a free object (one with no forces on it) is a straight line. speed (Harrison, pars. 6) Comparing to Newtons laws, spacetime are considered both separate things, while in relativity, both in special and general theory, it is necessary to view spacetime as one.In GR this team of spacetime is curving by the effects of gravity. Now in GR, curved space often refers to a spatial geometry, which is not flat. Spacetime beco mes curved in the response to the effects of matter and there is no gravitational force deflecting objects from their natural, straight paths. This puts gravity to correspond to changes in the properties of space and time, which in turn changes the straightest-possible paths that objects get out naturally follow. So the act of curving is caused by the energy-momentum of matter and affects matters behaviors.In Newtons first law of motion, it states that, where an object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object in motion tends to stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an half-baked force. In a curved spacetime what used to be straight lines are now twisted and bent, and particles with no forces acting on them are seen to move along curved paths. (Physics Classroom, pars. 1) John Archibald Wheeler, an American theoretical physicist, paraphrases, Spacetime tells matter how to move matter tells spacetime how to curve. (Britannica Encyclop edia, pars. ) To apologize curved space in an example, suppose there are two people. Each person stands two feet apart from each other facing the same direction and begins walkway straight. Even though one might think the two people are walking in check lines (since they are walking only in a straight line), is one will stand behind them in between them, he/she will notice that those two people will get started to drift apart. In awhile the two people will become four feet apart instead of the 2 feet that they started on and both are not pointed in exactly the same direction as they started on.One might assume its because one is not going in a straight line. (Picture of Geodesics) Although, what is a straight line? One assumes that a straight line means being correspond or that a straight line is the shortest surpass between two points. But in curved space path that stay parallel to each other are not paths of minimal distance and vice-versa, there is no path in space that fit s a straight line being parallel or the shortest distance. In space, a straight line is curved and the shortest path between two points is called a geodesic.The second viewpoint of general relativity is described as a theory of gravity. In Newtons second law of motion, that states that the acceleration of an object is dependent upon two variables the net force acting upon the object and the mass of the object. (Physics classroom, pars. 2) In other words, getting two massive bodies like the Earth and Newtons famous apple are going to pull each other because of the law of gravity. To explain further, if an apple started out at rest and when it just breaks off from a tree, gravity would make it move towards the Earth until it jard with it.Newtons curiosity of a fallen apple not only explains his law of gravity and the falling of apples, but also the orbit of the moon about the Earth, the motions or the planets about the sunlight, and much more. Einsteins theory of GR relates to thi s because it explains all of Newtons laws, but in a very different way. In GR, a massive body like the sun causes the spacetime around it to curve and this act of curving in turn affects the motion of the planets, causing them to orbit around the sun.In Newtons second law of motion, these objects (i. e. the earth and the apple) will have a gravitational attraction, causing them to accelerate towards each other until they eventually collide. In GR, the same effect will happen, but the description is different because gravity is not a force in GR. Objects neither exert nor feel any-non-gravitational forces, so basically the objects should act like free particles moving alone geodesics. (Felder, pars. 5) In a flat spacetime, which has no gravity, the geodesics would be in straight lines. Since objects started out at rest, their world lines would be vertical lines, this means that they would always stay the same distance from each other. However, in the effects of gravity, we know that the objects will have spacetime around it. In a curved space, parallel lines do not always stay parallel. The geodesics in this curved spacetime start out parallel but over time it doesnt.This results in the objects colliding. Einstein shows that although Newtons theory of two objects colliding is predicted, the underlying description of the curved space is different. To show an example about gravity and curved space with a couple of geodesics, here is another graph (Felder, pars. 14) To explain the graph in more detail, the chicken rectangle is the sun (and the space around the sun is really three-dimensional), the spatial axis is r (radius) instead of x, and t (time) instead of y.The geodesic lines (red blue, respectively) are the particles moving directly towards or away from the sun. The red geodesic shows that an object initially at rest will curve towards the sun. Even an object moving away from the sun could fall back in if it were moving slowly. While the blue geodesics, i s for the particle starting out at the same place but with an initial outward velocity large enough that I will never fall back, objects that have an escape velocity.Explaining the basis of GR helps form a stepping stone to Einsteins more conglomerate theories and consequences, along with some knowledge of the General Theory of Relativity. In this very complicated version by Einstein of Newtons laws of motion, it in fact shows not that Einstein just complicated Newtons theories, but showed that results are not the same. The result in fact that objects collide are there and come out slightly the same, but the behavior is different. Spacetime is therefore curved as a straight line.The theory of GR has brought the science world to a dramatic position of understanding the universe. Space and time, in which were two separate things are now explained as one union with each other. In GR gravity is not only viewed as a force but now as a description of the geometry of the universe. This he lps scientists envision the universe in a more dramatic and insightful way. As Albert Einstein was forced to summarize the general theory of relativity in one sentence, he quoted Time and space and gravitation have no separate existence from matter. Works CitedAlbert Einstein Pac Bell. http//home. pacbell. net/kidwell5/aebio. hypertext mark-up language Albert Einstein, Colliers Encyclopedia, (MacMillan, 1985) mountain 8, pg. 684-685 Albert Einstein, World Book, (World Book Inc. , 1999) slew 6, pg. 146-147 Albert Einstein, Encyclopedia Britanica, ( Encyclopedia Britanica Inc. , 1997) Volume 4, pg. 403 Albert Einstein, Current Biography Whos News and Why, (H. W. Wilson Co. , 1953) Volume 1953, pg. 178-180 Albert Einstein, Current Biography Whos News and Why, (H. W. Wilson Co. , 1955) Volume 1955, pg. 177-178 Albert Einstein, The Biographical Dictionary of Scientists, (Oxford University Press, 1994) Second Edition, pg. 206-208 Felder, Gary. North Carolina State Math and Physic Hel p. 2003.http//www4. ncsu. edu/unity/lockers/users/f/felder/public/kenny/papers/gr1. html general relativity. Dictionary. com Unabridged (v 1. 1). Random House, Inc. 05 Feb. 2009. Dictionary. com http//dictionary. reference. com/browse/general relativity. General Relativity Albert Einstein Biography, Spark Notes. 05 Feb 2009 http//www. sparknotes. com/biography/einstein/section7. rhtml Geroch, Robert. General Relativity from A to B. wampum University of Chicago Press, 1978. Harrison, David M. Homepage. 18 August 2007 http//www. upscale. utoronto. ca/GeneralInterest/Harrison/GenRel/GenRel. html Leaving Certificate Physics Homepage. Einsteins Theory of Special Relativity. http//www. teachnet. ie/torourke/Physicswebsite/Relativistic%20Length%20Co traction. htm Newtons Laws. The Physics Classroom. 1996-2009. http//www. physicsclassroom. com/Class/newtlaws/u2l1a. cfm Nobel Prize Foundation. Nobel Lectures, Physics Albert Einstein. 1901-1921. http//nobelprize. org/nobel_prizes/physics /laureates/1921/einstein-bio. html Truth Reality. Einstein Relativity. 1997-2009. http//www. spaceandmotion. com/albert- einsteins-theory-of-general-relativity. htm Wald, Robert M. General Relativity. Chicago University of Chicago Press, 1984.

Marketing Skin Care Product Essay

trade ProjectHave you ever g unitary to the store to purchase a skin c ar ingathering to serve up restrain acne and study your skin beautiful all you find are products aimed towards older women stating something to do with wrinkles? I dont know ab appear you, solely Im too childly to even think about wrinkles at this point in my life. I just wanted something to make my skin imagine and feel good but at the same time help prevent break outs. The solution is Glow. The name says it all. It bequeath give you radiant, clear skin. Glow skin lick is not a necessity, its a want. Therefore, we must stand out above the many otherwise products on the shelves. Our tar sound audience is teenagers through early thirty year old, middle class women who are looking for radiant, clear skin at an affordable price. The best way to market to these women is through the lucre and magazines.Glow skin cream is different than other skin creams on the market for many reasons afterwards just one we ek of use your skin will look and feel healthier, more radiant, it provides light-weight coverage, hydrates and smoothens skin, visibly reduces redness, conceals flaws, its infused with minerals and antioxidants, and has SPF 15 protection all in one bottle. Some beauty products have comely chemicals to clean a toilet Glow skin cream is all natural and helps your skin to look its best.Glow is targeted to attract teenagers to early thirty-year old females. Lets face it teens wint be purchasing this product on their own parents will love the cost. The product is affordable enough that they will berepeat buyers. If ordered online a discount will be given to buyers who purchase more than two at a time. According to the fair sex we surveyed they were happy with the way the product works as well as the reasonable price. Glow is available for all skin types and nationalities. Different woman call for different needs depending on their skin type, their geographic location, and nationali ty. A woman laid in Florida tends to need a product that protects against sun damage, where a woman located in Denver would need something to help with dry skin Glow has different products featured towards these skin types. Packaging is aimed towards a younger press as well hot pink with gold lettering. Its attractive and girly young and fun looking, but also has a touch of elegance. It will stand out on the shelf or online. It wont be an eye sore, but it will grab your attention as you check out the shelf for a product.Teens these days are on social media sites all throughout the day. When they wake up in the morning they log in to Facebook as if its the morning paper. I would advertise on this site as well as many others. Twitter and YouTube, just to name a fit are great for targeting a certain market. Each site gives you options on whom youd like these ads to come forth up for based on the users demographics entered when they created their accounts. Google also offers an opti on similar to this. If a person were to enter in their search certain key words then your ad would be on the side of the foliate results. You choose the keywords that go along with your ad. For example, if psyche were to search face, cream, or skin care then our ad for Glow would show up on the side of the search results. The Internet is a great pick to take advantage of for advertising. Most people are on the internet at least one time a day as long as the ad is catchy, it will get someones attention. Another great place to advertise to the twenty to thirty year old woman would be magazines, such as Cosmopolitan. For a fee you are able to get product ads located throughout the magazine, I would utilize this option and put a coupon on the ad to get the product at a discounted price.Overall, I believe if we market the product fixly packaging, prices, and attract the correct consumers Glow will be very successful in thetough skin cream market. both three of these are key focuses in having a successful product.ReferencesFacebook Advertising. (n.d.). Retrieved from https//www.facebook.com/advertising/ Google Advertising. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.google.com/ads/adwords2/ Twitter Advertising. (n.d.). Retrieved from https//business.twitter.com/start-advertising YouTube Advertising. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.youtube.com/yt/advertise/

Jewish Culture Essay

The maiden Judaic routine, Brit Milah besides known as circumcision, takes places at the birth of a boy baby. It is carried protrude on the eighth solar day after the baby has been born it is performed by a Mohel, where the babys foreskin of the penis is removed. The second Jewish custom is called The Naming Ceremony, which takes place on the jump Sabbath that immediately follows the birth of a baby girl. This event takes place inside of a synagogue. On this day each parents or just the father is called for a blessing and a reading to the torah.The deuce-ace Jewish custom is the Bat/ Bar Mitzvah, this ceremony marks and commemorates the entry of a young Jew into the Jewish adult community. This ceremony has been in practice for the last 450 years. The person concerned in the Mitzvah is mandatory to read the Haftorah which is the delegate of the Torah for the week and then give a scholarly comment or speech. Bat Mitzvah is the crap of the ceremony for girls, and Bar Mitzv ah is the name of the ceremony for boys. Ideal gift would include Mezuzah cases, jack ladder boxes, and or Kiddush cups.The fourth Jewish custom is called a Simcha, which is to a fault known as Marriage, and it is performed under a put forwardopy. The fifth Jewish customs is called The Mikovaot this ceremony is a cleansing bath that is a ritual and is champion of the longest standing practices in Jewish customs. This ceremony is performed to endow marriages. Orthodox Jewish women are required to dip themselves in this bathe very month after their menstruation before they resume relations of marriage with their husbands. Language at that place are various Jewish languages and dialects that developed in the Jewish communities close to the world.Hebrew was the daily speech of the Jewish people for centuries, but by the fifth century the virtually related Aramaic joined Hebrew as the spoken language in Judea. By the third century Jews of diaspora were speaking Greek and soon after wards Hebrew was no longer employ as a mother tongue. For centuries Jews worldwide spoke the local or dominant languages of the region migrated to, where they would develop typical dialectal forms or branching off as independent languages. Among the most widely spoken Jewish languages to develop in the diaspora are Yiddish and Ladino.Yiddish is the Judeo- German language developed by Ashkenazi Jews who migrated to central Europe. Ladino is excessively called Judezmo and Muestra Spanyol is the Judeo- Spanish language developed by Sephardic Jews who lived in the Iberian Peninsula. Religion the Jewish religion is the monotheistic based on the belief in a single all powerful God. The Jewish school of thought is based on the Ten Commandments as spelt out in the Old Testament. The Hebrew al-Quran had provided the foundations for Christianity. Jesus, Mary and the Apostles were all Jews and the origin of many Christian festivals, psalms and beliefs lay in Judaism.The Jews refused to co nvert to the mod faith of Christianity which is called the New Testament, so they stubbornly maintained their separate religious beliefs and their distinct customs and laws. The Jews also have a Shabbat which takes place on the seventh day of the Jewish week and is the Jewish day for rest. Jew recall the biblical creation account in Genesis in which God creates the Heaven and earthly concern in six days and rests on the seventh day. Immigration trends the Jews of Eastern Europe began to emigrate in large chassiss from their homelands, beginning in the 1880s.Between 1881 and 1914 about 2,370,000 Jews fled from poverty and oppression, especially from Trarist Russia notorious for its bowelless anti- Jewish mobs and pogroms. A great number of these Jews reached the United States and a small minority would establish the first modern Jewish settlements in Palestine. By 1924 the United States had placed strict limits on immigration and the number of Jews admitted was drastically decrea sed. Other countries soon followed suit and Jews desiring to emigrate or flee from the Nazis found themselves faced with certain(p) boarders throughout most of the world in the 1930s.Foods the Jews have a set of laws about the food they can and cannot eat, these laws are called Kashrut, and a food that is not in accordance with the Jewish law is called Treif. In the Kashrut law, there are prohibitions to consume species (such as pork and most insects), the mixtures of meat and milk, and the commandment to slaughter mammals and birds according to a process known as Shechita. Most of the basic laws of Kashrut are from the Torahs books of Leviticus and Deuteronomy. The Torah does not state the indicate for most of the Kashurt laws, but for every law that the Kashurt has each one is biblically written in the bible.Some of the Jewish front-runner foods include the following Babka which is a chocolate filled challah (egg) bread. Bagel is another preferent Jewish food that is boiled a nd baked yeast bread. Bialy which similar to bagel, filled with onions and other ingredients there is also Brisket it is a raised meat from the chest area of a cow. Challah is another favourite food it is braided egg bread, Charoset is an apple and nut dish generally served at Passover. Cholent/ Chamin are a slow- cooked stew meat, potatoes, beans and barley. Another favourite dish is Chopped liver, Chrain and pickled horseradish.Farfel is small pellet- shaped egg pasta, used in dishes like kugel. Goulash is a meat stew matzaball soup, and last but not least(prenominal) the Jews love to drink Chicken soup on Friday and Saturday nights. Community events the Jews have their Synagogues where they have their Jewish celebrations. The Jewish community also celebrates Passover, when the Jews celebrate Passover they are not allowed to use any electricity, and they light candles. The Hanukah is the festival of lights they also celebrate the Rosh Hashanah which is the Jewish New Year.

British Empire and India Essay

India is located in southern Asia. India borders Pakistan, china, Nepal, and Bangladesh. Pakistan is on the northwest border. China and Nepal ar on the Union border. Bangladesh is on the northeastern border. More than half of India is surrounded by the Indian Ocean.Climate, Weather, and SeasonsIndia has unmatched of the just about diverse climates in the world. It has monsoons, to real hot weather, either the mien to the snowy Himalayan Mountains. A monsoon is a wind that changes direction with the change of seasons. Monsoons as well bring rain which substructure take in flooding and opposite disasters. Monsoons almost only happen in the Indian Ocean. But at the same(p) time, the monsoons ar precise helpful, beca spend they give the stack of India their water to irrigate their crops, growing their crops, and for drinking water for the good deal of India.India has three briny seasons. Their seasons ar the rainy season which is from June-October, the Indian Winter wh ich is from November-January, and the Humid Heat from April-May. The monsoons norm exclusively in ally come through in April-October.Major Landforms The Himalayan Mountains is a mountain range that goes through India. Himalaya g all overnment agency House of Snow in Sanskrit. They go east to west for 1,500 miles making three mountain ranges amid India and Tibet. They are the highest and youngest mountains in the world.The Indo-Gangetic Plain is a flat area of land. The Plain is where the Ganges River runs through. It covers 300,000 square miles of northern India. It has some of the most fertile soil in the country of India.The Thar Desert is a sandy locality that covers 100,394 square miles of land. It only receives ten inches of rain in one year. Camels are very of the essence(predicate) in the desert because they need some way of transportation.The mhoern Peninsula separates northern India and southwestern India. These mountains are to the highest degree four hundred0 fe et high, non nearly as tall as the Himalaya. The eastsideern Ghats, The double-uern Ghats, and the Vindhya Range form, the Deccan Plateau. There is water over on the Southern Peninsula. It has some(prenominal) rivers.Major Rivers, Lakes, Seas, and Other Bodies of Water One of the most noted rivers in the world is the Ganges River and the Ganges is located in India. The Ganges River is very important in the Hindi Religion, because they are supposed to bathe in the River at least once in their lives. It is located in northern India and goes almost all the way across India.The Bay of Bengal is a bay bordering almost the inherent eastern border of India. It similarly borders Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Myanmar. It merges with the Padma Delta. Also, many rivers flow into the Bay of Bengal. Although, because of the monsoons the northern coast of the bay is losing its commonwealth.The Arabian Sea borders India, The Arabian Peninsula, Iran, and Pakistan. The Indus River i s the most important river that flows into the Arabian Sea. It is a very bear-sized principle in India and Europes trading.Significant, Unusual, or Unique Geographic Features of the Country India is a subcontinent of Asia. A subcontinent is a large landmass that is usually attached to a continent. India in addition has 4,000 miles of pure coastline. The Indian Ocean is what makes up the 4,000 miles. history of India Pre-History One of the world- categorise civilizations in India settled around 2,500 B.C. That civilization lived in central and southern India. They were watchworded the Dravidians. The posterity of the Dravidians still live in southern India today. An some other early civilization was called the Aryans. They were at that positioning from about 1,500-200 B.C. The intelligence agency Aryans means noble ones. They invaded the Dravidians and made them go farther south. Some of the Dravidians stayed with the Aryans and lived the Aryan lifestyle. In return the Aryans would use some of the Dravidians customs. The Aryans also invented the Sanskrit language, which is one of the oldest languages in the world. They also set up the Caste System. They started the Hindu worship and wrote the Vedas, which is the most important book of the Hindu scriptures.Ancient Empires Two hundred years before black lovage the spectacular invaded a kingdom was forming. They were known as the Mauryas. The first ruler of this empire was Chandragupta. They ruled for about 140 years. They had a big army, a government, and tax collection. But in 184 B.C. the empire fell a dissociate. In A.D. 319 a king learnd Chandragupta I founded the Gupta Empire. Chandragupta II was his grandson and during his reign was the peak of their empire. He reigned from 330-375. Chandragupta II also invented the image of zero and figured out that the world was round. The Gupta Empire ended in 550 because the White Huns conquered them. Invasions and ExplorationIn 518 B.C. the Persian King Da rius conquered both the Indus Valley and West Punjab. In 327 B.C Alexander the Great of Macedonia defeated and overthrew Darius triple and the defeated king Porus and marched to the Beas River. The Indians were so fierce that Alexander was so weak that him and his troops had to go abide home.In 977 bandit raids of Muslims came into India. whence in 1192 the Muslims marched in again and conquered some land. They make there capitol at presend day Delhi. When the Muslims were conquering they destroyed many Hindu temples and statues, barely when they were settled there were very few problems between the Hindus and Muslims.Marco Polo was one of the first Europeans to set foot in India. He became a favorite to Kublai Khan, who sent him on expeditions all around Asia including India. In India Marco Polo was amazed by the riches of India. He gave Europe their information about India, which only made them want Indias riches. Mughal EmpireIn 1526 the Mongols invaded northern India and m ade the Mughal Empire. Their leader was called Babur. The Mughal Empires land was northern India, separate of southern India, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Their capitols were Agra and Delhi. The Mongols did not get rid of the ways of life before them, and for the Hindus protection they made them give way taxes. The local government was in charge of the people that lived there. The Mongols were the ones to build the Taj Mahal and the Red Fort. Akbar was considered their best ruler, because he unite military ability with religious tolerance and some culture, he had lively discussions with all religions, and he also prevented taxes. Revolts inside and outside of the kingdom weakened the empire and by the 1800s the empire had fallen.British India tocopherol India Trading Company By the early nineteenth century Great Britain controlled almost all of India. The East India Trading Company was the administration of India. The company was ruled by either the government or genera ls, all whom which Britain had chosen. They actually only controlled half of India. The other half was controlled by an Indian princess whom had pledged loyalty to Great Britain.British Changes in India Great Britain caused many changes for India. They built school, hospitals, paved roads, and they built the railway line system in India. They also invented the Indian Civil Service which was a way for Indians to be employed. But, they also passed the Permanent declaration Act of 1793, is a law that says if you can not pay your taxes for your land, your land will be taken away. Lord Cornwallis passed a law that prevents Indians from high posts in the government. Also, because of the Industrial Revolution in England, the cloth from England was sent to India so that the expensive cloth in India s big topped being purchased and many craftspeople went out of business. In 1857 the Indians rebelled and many people died. In 1858 the uprising was over, the East India Trading Company lost co ntrol over India and the British government took control.British Raj afterward the Sepoy Mutiny the British rule was at its peak. Queen Victoria was named Empress of India in 1877. The British people gloried over their rule of the Indians. At this time the Indians began to want their own country without the British in control. The India National Congress was formed in 1885. At first the Congress was just a little group of people that met and talked about what they would like to do in India, but then it off into a big group of people which often and openly opposed British rule. In 1906 the Muslims started a group called the All-India Muslim League. This group fought for the rights of Muslims. The British had two strong forces against them at this point. IndependenceAround 1915 a new leader emerged, his name was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. Gandhi was a lawyer from a wealthy Hindu family. In 1915 Gandhi returned from South Africa. He dedicated his life to fighting for Indias independe nce. Gandhi used a method called Satyagraha, which means unprovoking in Hindi. Instead of physically fighting he would do things like peaceful marches, hunger strikes, and refusing to taint British goods. In 1919 the British army fired on a peaceful protest and killed 400 Indians and injured 1,200 Indians.The massacre turned almost the entire world against British rule. Many leaders much(prenominal) as Gandhi and Nehru were put in prison for their peaceful resistance. In 1935 the British passed the Government of India Act, which said that it was doable that later on they could be self-governed. On August 15, 1947 the Indians celebrated their first independence day. Muslims also precious their own land away from the Indians, so the British gave them East and West Pakistan. However, the Muslims and Hindus stone-broke into riots. Gandhi was very upset about the riots so he went and spoke his peaceful word to different parts of India hoping that the riots would stop. Some Hindus th ought Gandhi was being too sympathetic to the Muslims and one of those people piquancy Gandhi on January 30, 1948.Modern India The people had won their independence, but they wanted even more freedom. On January 26, 1950 India became the first republic of the British Commonwealth. Jawaharlal Nehru was already the prime take care of India. He planned to introduce fresh methods of technology, hoping that he would raise a standard living for all Indians. Nehru tried to keep India at peace with the world, but they had a few problems with neighboring countries. In 1966 Nehrus daughter became Indias threesome prime minister. Her name was Indira Gandhi (she was not related to Mohandas Gandhi.) In 1971 she led the victory over Pakistan.This war granted East Pakistan from West Pakistan. India was now considered the most powerful country in the south. Although, she lost her power as prime minister in 1977 because of the price of goods going up, she came back into power 1980. Then she was assassinated by her own bodyguards, because of the way she treated the Sikhs most holy place. After she was killed her son, Rajiv Gandhi, took her place. He introduced more technology to India, which made them closer to the abatement of the world. In 1991 he was assassinated by terrorists at an election rally. India is achieving more than anyone could imagine India could and they are on a good path for the future.Government and Politics Type of Government and Organization India is a nation country. India has three branches of law, legislative, judicial, and executive branches. The Executive Branch consists of president and prime minister. The president is Pratibha Patil and the prime minister is Manmohan Singh. The legislative branch consists of the Council of States or the Rajya Sabha. The Judicial Branch is considered the Supreme Court. Their political parties are the Congress Party and the BJP (Bahujan Samaj Party.) semipolitical DivisionsIndia has twenty-eight states and sev en union territories. India also has local village councils. Local Village Councils are groups of people in a village that are part of that council. Population and DemographicsIndia has about 1.2 billion people. India is 72% Indo-Aryan, 25% Dravidian, 3% Mongoloid and other. India is 80.5% Hindu, 13.4% Muslim, 2.3% Christian, 1.9% Sikh, and 1.8% other. Major Cities and Areas of PopulationMumbai (Bombay) is one of Indias major cities with 15 million people. Kolkata (Calcutta) is another(prenominal) major city with 12 million people. Delhi is also a major city with 11.3 million people. armed services Forces and Other Foreign RelationsIndias military branches are the Army, Coast Guard, Navy, and Air Force. In India there is a city named Kashmir. Kashmir is mostly in India but partially in Pakistan. Pakistan and India puddle been fighting over Kashmir for a very long time and they have had wars over it and many people have died. India is also part of the British Commonwealth and does a lot of trading with the British. National Symbols and hymnsIndias National Anthem is the Jana-gana-manaEconomy Agriculture 65% of Indias people are farmers. The largest amount of land a farmer gets is 2 acres and many farmers get below 1 acre. They have to grow enough fodder to feed their family and to sell to others. Rice is one of Indias most important crops. Rice is usually deep-rooted in flooded paddy fields because rice needs a lot of water to be able to grow. Wheat is another important crop grown all over India. Tea is one of Indias largest exports. It is grown on vast plantations in the hills. About 1.5 billion pounds of tea are picked distributively year and about 800,000 pounds are exported each year. Another important crop is coffee. Also many fruits are grown in India. Some of those fruits are pineapples, mangoes, coconuts, watermelons, oranges, bananas, papayas, grapes, and apples.Manufacturing and Industry The cloth effort was one of the first industries to come into India. Indias textile industry is the 2nd largest in the world. Textile is a fabric that has been woven. In India the textile industry is the most important in the world. Another important industry is mining. Coal is the main pointedness India mines. Another important mining item is iron, but coal is the most important in their industry world. India also has an industry in car building. They build their cars for people all over the world. India also wants to have good cars to drive so they also make it for you.Business India has always been the most desired call center area, because call centers in India offer advantages that other countries dont. India has been able to meet the international submit for call centers by providing cost-effective services and customer-oriented services. Indias type of money is called a rupee. In India everything is bought with rupees. 95% of Indias businesses are family-run. Family businesses in India started in the 1890s. These businesses start ed mainly because of the freedom movement, in protest to buying British trade. TradeIndias main trading partners are China and the United States of America. Indias main exports are petroleum products, textile goods, gems, jewelry, engineering goods, chemicals, and leather manufactures. Indias main imports are crude oil, machinery, gems, fertilizer, and chemicals. Types of TransportationTrains are one of the most important ways Indians get around. India has a very large and interlinking railway system. Each train has cars according to different classes. Buses are another way to travel in India. Buses are usually very crowded. They are so crowded many people ride on top of the buses to have room. India also has airways and waterways.Culture People, Language, and Religion In India there is 72% Indo-Aryan, 25% Dravidian, and Mongoloid and other tribal groups 3%. Indias main language is Hindi. There are many other languages such(prenominal) as Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, etc. Also most In dians speak English, because of the British peoples influence. India is 80.5% Hindu, 13.4% Muslim, 2.3% Christian, 1.9% Sikh, 1.8% other, and 0.1% unspecified.Cuisine Curry is Indias main ingredient in their food. Curry is an Indian spice used in most of India food. In South India they have Dosas. Dosas look like an American omelet or pancake. They are fried on a large flat skillet and eaten when they are very hot. But, instead of being served on a house they are served on a leaf. They call it Meal on a Leaf. In the Hindu religion they think cows are sacred so they do not eat beef.Dress and customs duty An Indian woman wears a proper dress called a sari. Saris wrap around your body tightly but are loose at the bottom so you can walk. Indians also have something called a caste system which is basically something to put people in certain classes. The lowest class is called untouchables. No other classes are aloud to make any physical contact with the untouchables, because they are c onsidered unclean. The next class up is the servants and slaves. Next are the farmers and merchants. Next are the rulers and warriors.Then on top are the priests. Hindu weddings are usually long and beautiful. Its an all day affair with a party and dancing. Then by the end of the day they are finally married. If a Hindu dies they are to be cremated. After they are made into ashes they throw the ashes to the wind. To show their grief they shave their heads and wear white, the color of mourning. Indians are all supposed to bathe in the Ganges River at least once in their life it is part of the Hindu religion.Education When Indians are young they go to village schools. Most Indians dont go to school. Village Schools are very small and simple. They do a lot of their learning outside because most dont have indoor classrooms. There are 130 universities in India and more people are starting to go to college.Music, Art, and Literature The Sitar is the most important instrument in the North. It looks like a guitar but smaller and rounded at the bottom. It is very popular in Indian music. The Vedas is the most important book in the Hindu religion. It is their scriptures and their Bible. Textiles are beautifully woven cloths. They make them in India on the streets and in factories, although, it is very expensive. Jewelry is decorative and symbolic in India. Most women wear bangles around their wrists and they where many other jewelry pieces.Architecture Ruins dot the Indian countryside. India has some of the largest ruin sites in the world. There are also many Mughal buildings. Mughal buildings are distinguished by the arched doorways and windows, minarets, domes, and decorations carved into the wall and covered in gemstones. The British also built many buildings in India. Science, Inventions, and InnovationsIndias greatest contribution to mathematics is probably the fantasy of the number zero. Also, they came up with concept of infinity. They had maps of the stars and contributed a lot to astronomy. Holidays, Sports, Entertainment, and Leisure ActivitiesThe four major holidays in India are New Years Day, Republic Day, Independence Day, and Gandhis Birthday. A major sport in India is cricket. Bollywood is where all of Indias movies are made. Many people watch Bollywood movies. Many people in India like whirl kites. Famous PeopleGandhi Gandhi was a Hindu man who believed in a free India and peace. He was a strong and independent person. Many people believed in him. He was born in October 2, 1869. He lived his whole life fighting for his country and the people. He had a tragic death on January 30, 1948 he was beam by a Hindu fanatic. He died with pride and the assurance that his country was independent.Nehru When Gandhi was alive Nehru was his assistant in a way. He was the first prime minister of India. He believed in making India more modern and bringing in modern technology. He contributed a lot to his country, but he died in 1964.Indira Gandhi Indira Gandhi was the third prime minister of India. She was Nehrus daughter. She believed in helping the rural areas and she loved helping children. She was a very popular prime minister, until things started being more costly. Then, she lost her job as prime minister, but regained her position back. Later, she was assassinated. It was a tragic death but she helped her country in many ways.Famous Places Taj Mahal Shah Jahan had the Taj Mahal built in memory to his favorite wife. It was like her tomb or memorial. It was built in the Mughal period. It is a very complex building. It was never finished. The Taj Mahal is a very popular tourer spot and it is one of Indias most famous place to people all around the world.The Red Fort The Red Fort was also built during the Mughal period. It was originally called the Mughal fort, but because of its red sandstone walls it was called the Red Fort. Inside of the walls are palaces, barracks, gardens, and other buildings. It is a major tourist attraction as well.Gir National Park Gir National Park is a forest and a wildlife refuge. It was established in 1965 to protect nature and wildlife. It is one of the most protected areas in Asia because of the animals in it. It is a place for animals to roam free in their natural habitat while being protected. Many tourist can go see it but cant disturb the animals.