Essay about Parents Hitting Their Children - 441 Words

Parents Hitting Their Children For this coursework, I will be looking at whether parents should be allowed to hit their children or children that are being looked after by them. Like most questions there are usually two sides to the argument. The 1st reason why parents should be allowed to hit their kids is to enforce a form of discipline. The other reason why hitting children is bad is because by hitting a child, they may be emotionally scared for life. Many people have different views on this topic; some are for it, some are against it. The United Nations (UN) as a violation of basic human rights have condemned the national U.K. law. It says that some forms of†¦show more content†¦You have to be cruel to be kind ================================= For example, confiscating their toys wouldnt be as effective because the parents may eventually give the toys back or may give into the childs request. Other parents argue that hitting your child is wrong. This is because hitting the child may upset them even after the discipline has been enforced. Hitting your child may physically and emotionally scar them. This could also make the child form hatred towards the parent. Some parents hit their child / children even though they may not want to. They can lose their temper in the heat of the moment and cant physically stop themselves from doing it. Many of these parents should find counselling to help them overcome this problem. When I was a child, my parents used to discipline me by hitting me but only if I behaved very badly. Looking back on it now, it wasnt so bad because they only ever hit me when I was naughty and I was never emotionally or physically hurt from it. I was only physically hurt for a moment but I guess thats one of the reasons why I behaved. Over time I eventually learnt how to behave the way my parents wanted me to so the hitting stopped. This made me the person I am today. I consider myself lucky compared to other children who have been treated badly or hurt from their parentsShow MoreRelatedEvaluation of the Statement that Hitting Children is Wrong Essays1479 Words   |  6 Pagesthat Hitting Children is Wrong this statement in the form of an advisory paper to a relevant Government department, onthe need (or otherwise) to bring in legislation to ban the physical punishment of children. The current law in place in the UK, with respect to smacking children, is known as the law of reasonable chastisement. This law permits, the use by parents of reasonableRead MoreChild Discipline Expository Writing1576 Words   |  7 PagesLine between Child Abuse and Discipline Child abuse is the physical injury of a child inflicted by a parent which ranges from superficial bruises, broken bones, burns, serious internal injuries and in some cases, death (Prevent Child Abuse America). Child abuse is a topic that causes rage in many discussions throughout the country because it is outrageous actions against innocent children. Many parents question whether discipline can become child abuse. Bell Hooks is an educated woman, feminist, andRead More Parent Support Groups Can Reduce Child Abuse Essay1288 Words   |  6 Pages Many parents lack the skills necessary to properly teach and discipline their children. As a result, out of pure frustration, parents lash out physically and/or verbally. Hitting a child or yelling at one has detrimental long-term effects. Parents-to-be need to be given strategies for dealing with discipline issues. Support groups should also offer parent training. When parents have had a hard day, whether due to work, family, or other persons or events, they tend to lash out without aRead MoreThe Effects Of Spanking On Children s Children880 Words   |  4 PagesGrowing up most children had experienced being spanked.Being spanked is not fun and hurts very bad. Sometimes children get spanked for something they did wrong or simply because they lied.Spanking is a form of child abuse and can hurt a child s feelings. Spanking of children can cause a disattchament between parents and child. It can also cause a child to not trust their parents.Spankings can cause a distraction for children and it can affect their school work. Hitting children can cause them toRead MoreParents’ Violence Towards Their Children Essay1523 Words   |  7 PagesParents’ violence towards their children Should parents use violence when rising up their children? No, they should not. In fact, why should they use violence while there is a possible solution for everything? Many parents today use violence towards their children and this violence leads to the destruction of the children’s self. Why treat one with violence, which will eventually lead to one maneuvering their way when treating his parents to avoid the violence against him or her. Not only thatRead MoreWhy Spanking Children Is Wrong1453 Words   |  6 PagesWhy Spanking Children is Wrong Parents have been spanking their children for hundreds of years, but recently this practice has come into question. The concern is not regarding the effectiveness of spanking but the correctness of spanking. Parents should not be allowed to strike their children. Child abuse is defined as any unnecessary or intentional physical or emotional or sexual mistreatment of children. Spanking is not the only method of child discipline. Span king is not even the most effectiveRead MoreSpanking Essay918 Words   |  4 Pageshas been used for many years by our ancestors, typically being done with an open hand. Spanking children has been a very controversial topic over the years. Spanking is ineffective because it causes aggressive behavior in children, leads to long term mental health issues , and is an act of violence. Trying to reduce aggression while also using aggression is ineffective at lowering these rates in children . Studies have been done to show the correlation between spanking and aggression, which showRead MoreParents Should Not Spank Their Children Essay examples1654 Words   |  7 Pagesinjury. So, are parents actually teaching their children violence? When a parent spanks a child, whether they are aware of it or not, they are teaching that child violence. They are teaching them that hitting someone else is okay. In his article The 13 Ways Spanking Harms Children, Michael J. Marshall, PhD, says that children who are spanked engage in more hitting and fighting than those who are not physically punished by their parents. Relying on spanking when parents think its neededRead MoreSpanking Essay examples606 Words   |  3 Pagesin act by an adult, parent, or guardian hitting the child or students buttock. The reason this is done is in response to bad behavior. Some countries have outlawed the act of spanking in every setting, but many allow it as long as it is done by a parent or guardian. As many people think spanking is an okay discipline, this one of the most controversial methods of disciplining your child. On one side some parents think spanking should never be done, and then there are parents who believe it is okayRead Mo reIs It Child Abuse Or Discipline?1436 Words   |  6 Pageslooking at child abuse, parents and professionals must ask what child abuse is and what are the signs the discipline has gotten excessive? According to the Hamilton County Child Services database, discipline has gotten excessive when one or more of the following occurs: â€Å"Child is physically injured, including bruising, broken skin, swelling or a situation that requires medical attention, punishment is meant to instill fear rather than to educate the child, caretaker, whether a parent, guardian or school

The Black Man and Langston Hughes Free Essays

The term identity is defined by Webster’s dictionary as being â€Å"the state or fact of remaining the same one or ones, as under varying aspects or conditions† however in exploring the concept of Identity in black literature, we can find no definite explanation or definition. We can try to accept that it has been rooted in social situations that are generally more discriminatory, such the institution of slavery. In some way shape or form, the average or normal African American is confronted with the question of where do I fit in amongst the white society? The problem with African American Identity has many dimensions, such as community, class, and color. We will write a custom essay sample on The Black Man and Langston Hughes or any similar topic only for you Order Now The reality of the African American is one that is inescapable in America. Color which is inherent in the concept of self, manifest in race consciousness. This is extremely significant because an African American establishes his identity with other individuals, known or unknown, on the basis of a similarity of color and features, that allowing the individual to be included in groups membership, â€Å"the subject of his self identity. After the African Americans began to search for their identity looking through heritage, tradition, and folk traditions. Langston Hughes to me has been nourishing the black sensibility and inspiring it to create Afro American literation and transforming it into a â€Å"literature of struggle. † The poetry of Langston Hughes has the theme of â€Å" I, too sing America† He made extraordinary contributions to American literature and has came to be regarded as a leading voice in the Renaissance of the arts in the 1920’s. Hughes growing up asked the same question to himself of who he was, his lack of identity in society, which put a large impact on his mind and soul and made him a poet of the blacks. Hughes developed a distinct movement of â€Å"negritude† which may be regarded as the soul of the Renaissance. Rising from the consciousness of his skin color and passing through various stages of identification with people and territory of Africa, and finally grounding it in the American Past. Negritude â€Å"in the poetry of Hughes evolves into a definite and enduring concept expressive of definite vision. He Hughes doesn’t suffer from what W. E. B Dubois terms as a double consciousness. â€Å"Two souls, two thoughts, two unreconciled strivings, two warring ideals in one dark body. † Search for identity seems to be a vital aspect in the work of Langston Hughes. The identity of an American black citizen was denied to him and there was a loss of identity which a modern man living in the 20th century experiences. The Black people of America are American, the African and Black Americans are at the same time. Africa which is thought to be homeland for blacks, was dealt with by Langston Hughes, who missed the natural beauty of Africa and dreaded being caged in the mayhem of civilization. He searched his roots back in Africa. Primitivism had already become a fascinating alternative for people for people not interested in the 2nd industrial revolution. It gave new meaning of going back to the roots and ones identity. The poem â€Å"The Negro Speaks of Rivers† is an example of the of the urge and need of the Negro to go back to his own land to find ethnic connections. The poet says: I’ve known rivers: I’ve known rivers ancient as the world and older than the flow of human blood in human veins. In the poems entirety the rivers symbolize the glorious past, which have been flowing since humanities inception. So the African who has known rivers cannot be rootless or without past. Hughes also established a definite identity between the Blacks of America and the continent of Africa which he states in his poem called â€Å"Negro† I am a Negro: Black as the night is black, Black like the depths of my Africa. I’ve been a slave: I’ve been a worker: I’ve been a singer: All the way from Africa to Georgia I carried my sorrow songs. It was not easy to just up and go back to Africa. It became the dreamland for the poet, a country in which he could escape into when he finds life difficult to cope with. The poet to me seemed widely aware of misery, frustration, and isolation which to him is something that other blacks are facing. This epiphany of his leans him to the universal significance and appeal to the poets treatment of black life in America. His retreat into African is not a romantic escape from realities of life, but it provides a point of view to look at the realities of the life of black people in America. To say the blacks were treated horribly by white Americans is an understatement, they were compared to beasts and were treated accordingly. The black man was lynched, maimed and burnt, while the black woman was raped and desecrated. Lynching of the black on the charge of raping a white woman was one of the most commonplace events. Fear to the race and hatred, for the black was a common behavior of the white masses. The treatments to the blacks becomes evident in the following lines of â€Å"I, too sing America† I, too, sing America. I am the darker brother. They send me to eat in the kitchen When company comes, But I laugh, And eat well, And grow strong. Hence the stanza shows that the black worker doesn’t find any place in the heart of the whites. He is sent to the background by the company bosses who are indifferent towards the blacks. The African American feels lonely in the northern city where there are large The Negro feels lonesome in the northern city where there are a large number of people, yet he still feels lost in the Poem â€Å"One† he relates his profound sense of isolation Lonely As a bottle of licker On a table All by itself. The whites don’t permit the political freedom to the blacks. Blacks are deprived of their basic necessities of life. They don’t have a proper place to live in. Their miserable condition is shown in the poem â€Å"Vagabond† Who have nowhere To eat. No place to sleep, The tearless Who cannot Weep. In this the blacks are alien on their own land. The blacks want a chance to eek out a decent living and have equal rights across America. Langston Hughes says â€Å"undemocratic doings take place in the shadow of the world’s greatest democracy† The blacks have no right to participate in the political affairs. Langston Hughes poetry is also preoccupied with the social problems faced by the blacks. Man is called a social animal. Blacks are not given the equal place in the society. The poet shows this inequality in the poem â€Å"Merry Go Round† the social whites have no sympathy even for a young black child. He has to sit in a segregated section. Hughes writes: Colored child at carnival: Where is the Jim Crowe section On this merry-go-round, Mister, cause I want to ride? Down South where I come from White and colored Can’t sit side by side. Thus the merry go round is a metaphor for America. It is a kind of Satire on the American Society which we know as a free Society. A clear picture of the exploitation of the blacks is presented that cultural, social, and psychological space has been denied to them. Hughes never forgetting the images he has seen growing up, he has grown up shell shocked. He can clearly make out the contradiction of principles, for America was a democracy, but for the Negroes, America was fighting for a free and equal world. One where Jim Crow was eradicated, however he understands that the flame of freedom can not be extinguished by lynching and imprisoning blacks. From all this it become evident that Langston Hughes deals with the racial discrimination, lack of identity in the society and lack of freedom for the blacks. His aim and ultimate effect of his poetry is raising awareness and strengthening of the black people in their struggle for freedom in America. He was proud of his Afro-American legacy and tradition. He forcefully projects the theme of identity in his poems. He not only inspires the black to make it to the top but more than that he evokes a vision of a just society. works sited Georgene Seward, Psychotherapy and Culture Conflict (New York: Ronald Press, 1956), p. 129. Arthur A. Schaumburg’s â€Å"The Negro Digs up his Past†, in Alain Locke’s The New Negro, pp. 931-37. Jay Saunders Redding, To Make a poet Black (Washington:McGrath, 1969), p. 3. James A. Emanuel, Langston Hughes (New Haven: College and University Press, 1967), pp. 148-162. W. E. B. DuBois, The Souls of Black Folk (New York: New American Library, 1969), p. 45. Langston Hughes, â€Å"The Negro Speaks of Rivers. † Selected Poems (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1979), p. 4. Langston Hughes, â€Å"Negro. † Selected Poems (New York:Alfred A. Knopf, 1979), p. 8. Langston Hughes, â€Å"I, too, Sing America. † Selected Poems (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1979), p. 275. Langston Hughes, â€Å"One. † Selected Poems (New York:Alfred A. Knopf, 1979), p. 92. Langston Hughes, â€Å"Vagabonds. † Selected Poems (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1979), p. 91. Langston Hughes, â€Å"The Big Sea† The Collected Works of Langston Hughes ( New YorkJoseph Mclauren, 1979) Volume 13 P 165 Langston Hughes, â€Å"Merry-Go-Round. † Selected Poems (NewYork: Alfred A. Knopf, 1979), p. 194. How to cite The Black Man and Langston Hughes, Papers

A Story of Friendship Essay Example For Students

A Story of Friendship Essay Friendship is not something you learn in school. But if you havent learned the meaning of friendship, you really havent learned anything. When I was young, I never knew the true meaning of friendship. All the people that were around me were my relatives, so I never cared about having friends. As I grew up, I found myself alone even though I had a big family and many cousins. I didnt have that special friend who I could hang out with and tell everything to. When I was ten years old, I got really depressed because I didnt have any friends and my parents didnt know what to do to take me out of my depression. After a while, we knew that we were coming to the US; this made me busy and forget about my depression for the rest of the time that we were in Jordan. On November 19 2007, I arrived to the United States leaving no friends behind me. It was harder and harder to make friends when I couldnt speak any English. My life completely changed when I met my best friend a year later. Coincidently, the girl who I met at tutoring session during summer and thought she was the most arrogant person on this earth became my best friend. At first, I used to hate her and she used to hate me for no particular reason. We use to give each other the dirtiest look and I use to say to myself who does she think she is. We both speak the same language so it was easy for the teacher to introduce us to each other. I said to myself OMG I dont want to talk to her but anyways I had to. I said hi and she replied with the same word but I heard it with a hatred voice. After that, we never talked during the entire tutor session. In the fall of my freshmen year, I met her at Western High School. We had a lot of classes together. When I saw her next to me in economics class. I was like OH NO not again!! How am I going to stand her the whole year? Then, my cousin went and introduced herself and they both started talking. I felt that I misjudged her and that she was really nice. I went up to her and told her, Hi, you remember me? She said yes, of course we went to the same tutoring sessions last summer. Since that day, we became friends and helped each other in schoolwork. As the year went on, we were best friends and like sisters. Our families became so close to each other as well. I have many memories with her that I will never forget. One of my favorite memories is I remember one time our teacher told us you guys are like magnet even when I separated both of you, you still found a way to talk to each other. Yet we still fight a lot and argue about many things just like any two best friends. You will always see us arguing about anything but at the end of the day, we forget everything that happened. We are like Tom and Jerry always fighting yet cant stand a day without each other. Most of our high school and even now in college teacher dont get us because we argue and fight but by the end of the hour, theyll see us laughing and joking like nothing had happened. Some teachers and even our friends have told us that we are crazy. We support each other no matter what happens. She always tells me you are the sister I always wished to have and even if I had one I would not love her as much as I love you.

Morse Code Essays - Morse Code, Encodings, Samuel Morse, Telegraphy

Morse Code The Alphabet is: A .- B -... C -.-. D -.. E . F ..-. G --. H .... I .. J .--- K -.- L .-.. M -- N -. O --- P .--. Q --.- R .-. S ... T - U ..- V ...- W .-- X -..- Y -.-- Z --.. 1 .---- 2 ..--- 3 ...-- 4 ....- 5 ..... 6 -.... 7 --... 8 ---.. 9 ----. 0 ----- There you have it! There are also puncuation marks but not included here. I History, the morse code was first transmitted from one point to another in 1844. It was developed by just looking at the printing press collection of letters and by counting each letter, a pattern was found where the letters E, T, I, A, N, R, M are the most numerous and so they are given shorter morse codes. that does not take as long to transmit words. This was the basis of long distance communication and Telegraph was born. Signals travelled along the poles beside rail road tracks since the rail road was cross-country and was a direct route between Telegraph repeater sites (evey 40 miles the signal needs to be repeated) and it was easy to evesdrop as rela ys were used at the sites. For more information, check your encyclopedia or CD-ROM version. Morse Code Morse code is composed of dots and dashes, it's used by commercial and amateur stations in everywhere on earth. It was developed by just looking at the printing press collection of letters and by counting each letter, a pattern was found where the letters E, T, I, A, N, R, M are the most numerous and so they are given shorter morse codes, that does not take as long to transmit words. This was the basis of long distance communication and Telegraph was born. Signals travelled along the poles beside rail road tracks since the rail road was cross-country and was a direct route between Telegraph repeater sites (every 40 miles the signal needs to be repeated) and it was easy to drop as relays were used at the sites. The inventer of Morse code is Samuel F. B. Morse. Samuel was born in Charlestown, Massachusetts on April 27, 1791. He entered Yale University when he was 14 years old, and went to England to study art when he finished university. He went back to United States in 1815 and married Lucretia Pickering Walker in 1818. In 1825, his wife died, while he was away from the city. He learned his wife died after three days because the lack of transportation. So he thought of a way to send message over great distances with the use of an electromagnet, wires and batteries. He quitted his career of being an artist and starting to work on his invention. He applied for a patent on his invention in 1837. He sent the first message from Capital in Washington on May 24, 1844. The message is,"What hath God wrought!" and it's received in Baltimore almost as soon as it was sent!! The Alphabet and the Numbers are: A .- B -... C -.-. D -.. E . F ..-. G --. H .... I .. J .--- K -.- L .-.. M -- N -. O --- P .--. Q --.- R .-. S ... T - U ..- V ...- W .-- X -..- Y -.-- Z --.. 1 .---- 2 ..--- 3 ...-- 4 ....- 5 ..... 6 -.... 7 --... 8 ---.. 9 ----. 0 ----- T he punctation are: Period ._._._ Comma __..__ Interrogation ..__.. Colon ___... Semicolon _._._. Quotation Mark ._.._. SOS ...___... Start _._ End ._._. Understand ._. Wait ._... Error ........ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Free Essays on The Phoenicians

The Phoenicians were a very intelligent culture they developed the alphabet, they were excellent ship builders, they also traded with many other cultures such as the Greek (which is where cultural diffusion took place and the Greeks adopted the alphabet but added the important vowels the Phoenicians left out. The Phoenicians also spoke a dialect and used coin money. The Phoenicians were very good wood and metal workers. They made and used furniture, metal work, and especially glassware. The Phoenicians were also well known for their purple dye known as â€Å"Tyrian Purple.† They had an excellent navy and used the stars to navigate. They controlled many city-states and eventually sailed North to Spain, Ireland, and England. There was a huge demand for metals such as gold, silver, copper, tin, and nickel. They would also make things like bronze and iron. The Phoenicians also possessed the skill of dentistry, which is evident by the fine braces on a lower jaw of a skull. In Massachusetts and Iowa there are Punic inscriptions that prove the Phoenicians had reached North America in BC. The Phoenician language is actually still spoken today in Malta. The Phoenicians also had a government. The first parliament ever in the Middle East met in the Phoenician confederate city of Tripoli. The Phoenicians were very peaceful though they enjoyed things such as art and explored North, South, East and west of because they loved adventure. They were one of strongest civilizations though because of their excellent navy. They united various races and many through friendly links, through this method they softened them and humanized them.... Free Essays on The Phoenicians Free Essays on The Phoenicians The Phoenicians were a very intelligent culture they developed the alphabet, they were excellent ship builders, they also traded with many other cultures such as the Greek (which is where cultural diffusion took place and the Greeks adopted the alphabet but added the important vowels the Phoenicians left out. The Phoenicians also spoke a dialect and used coin money. The Phoenicians were very good wood and metal workers. They made and used furniture, metal work, and especially glassware. The Phoenicians were also well known for their purple dye known as â€Å"Tyrian Purple.† They had an excellent navy and used the stars to navigate. They controlled many city-states and eventually sailed North to Spain, Ireland, and England. There was a huge demand for metals such as gold, silver, copper, tin, and nickel. They would also make things like bronze and iron. The Phoenicians also possessed the skill of dentistry, which is evident by the fine braces on a lower jaw of a skull. In Massachusetts and Iowa there are Punic inscriptions that prove the Phoenicians had reached North America in BC. The Phoenician language is actually still spoken today in Malta. The Phoenicians also had a government. The first parliament ever in the Middle East met in the Phoenician confederate city of Tripoli. The Phoenicians were very peaceful though they enjoyed things such as art and explored North, South, East and west of because they loved adventure. They were one of strongest civilizations though because of their excellent navy. They united various races and many through friendly links, through this method they softened them and humanized them....

Alma College Admissions - ACT Scores, Financial Aid...

Alma College Admissions - ACT Scores, Financial Aid... Students applying to Alma do not need to worry about submitting letters of recommendation or an application fee. The schools acceptance rate was 68% in 2016; with good grades and decent test scores, students have a good chance of getting in. Of course, any extracurricular activities, job experiences, and honors courses are also helpful. Interested applicants are encouraged to visit the school and meet with an admissions counselor. Will You Get In? Calculate Your Chances of Getting In  with this free tool from Cappex Admissions Data (2016): Alma College Acceptance Rate: 68 percentGPA, SAT and ACT Graph for Alma AdmissionsTest Scores 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 420  / 590SAT Math: 460  / 593What these SAT numbers meanCompare top Michigan colleges SAT scoresACT Composite: 21 / 26ACT English: 21  / 26ACT Math: 21 / 26What these ACT numbers meanCompare top Michigan colleges ACT scores Alma College Description: Alma College is a private, Presbyterian  liberal arts college  located in Alma, Michigan, about an hour north of Lansing. Alma prides itself on the personal attention its students receive. With no graduate students (and thus no graduate instructors), a 12 to 1 student / faculty ratio, and an average class size of 19, students at Alma have a lot of interaction with their professors. For its strengths in the liberal arts and sciences, Alma College was awarded a chapter of  Phi Beta Kappa. The college also embraces its Scottish heritage, evidenced by its kilt-wearing marching band and annual Scottish games. Enrollment (2016): Total Enrollment: 1,451  (all undergraduate)Gender Breakdown: 42  percent male / 58 percent female95  percent full-time Costs (2016- 17): Tuition and Fees: $37,310Books: $800 (why so much?)Room and Board: $10,238Other Expenses: $2,265Total Cost: $50,613 Alma College Financial Aid (2015- 16): Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 100 percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 100 percentLoans: 95 percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $26,926Loans: $8,555 Academic Programs: Most Popular Majors:  Biology, Business Administration, Communication Studies, Elementary Education, English, Health Professions, Music, PsychologyWhat major is right for you?  Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Retention and Graduation Rates: First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 67 percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 56 percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 67 percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs: Mens Sports:  Football, Track and Field, Tennis, Wrestling, Lacrosse, Soccer, Golf, Baseball, Basketball, Cross CountryWomens Sports:  Bowling, Basketball, Swimming, Tennis, Track and Field, Volleyball, Softball, Cross Country Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics Alma College Mission Statement: mission statement from alma.edu/about/mission Alma College’s mission is to prepare graduates who think critically, serve generously, lead purposefully, and live responsibly as stewards of the world they bequeath to future generations.

Sunday in the park with George Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Sunday in the park with George - Essay Example The particular song, â€Å"Finishing the Hat† was chosen because of the several meanings that it has throughout the song. The focus in this song is based on George and losing his loved one. When he approaches this, he calls it finishing the hat, which works as a metaphor to the incomplete piece that he is feeling at the moment. This universal theme of losing love is able to tie together to the rest of the emotions that George is feeling as well as the absence of his loved one at this particular moment. Even though this is the main theme of the song, there are other interpretations that can be added into this and which are noted from the lyrics as well as the musical techniques that are used through the piece. The â€Å"Finishing the Hat† song is not only interesting because of the main themes that George is singing about. There are several musical changes that are used throughout the piece to create different expressions. When listening to this piece, one is able to tie it into the rest of the musical, while allowing this particular theme to stand on its own. This combination of elements allows the piece to be one of the strongest in the musical and provides a deeper understanding to what is occurring in different parts of the song. This allows one to develop a specific relationship to George, the situation and what is occurring, specifically through the musical techniques. The song â€Å"Finishing the Hat† is used as a pause in the main story line to express the emotions that are occurring through the plot line. The first way that this relates to the plot line is through the main theme used with â€Å"Sunday Park in the George.† This musical was known to be taken from the painting that was a part of the time frame of 1884 (see Appendix A). The artwork that was depicted during this time is one of the most renowned pieces that are from the different

Use of military drones in civilian operations and law enforcement and Research Paper

Use of military drones in civilian operations and law enforcement and the impact this will have in regards to the 1st and 4th Amendments of the United States - Research Paper Example In addition, their deployment assists in preventing â€Å"boots on the ground† war, hence making the US safer (Boon & Lovelace, 2014). Opponents on the other hand claim that drones lead to the emergence of more terrorists than the ones they kill. They further argue that drone strikes murder large numbers of innocent civilians, violating international law, are not under adequate congressional supervision, grossly infringes on the sovereignty of other countries in addition to making the terrors of war look as harmless as a video game(Mathews,2013). The most popular form of Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles (UCAVs)-which basically are Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) armed with combat abilities-is the General Atomics MQ-1 Predator. Predators were for the first time deployed to Afghanistan nearly instantly after the terrorists attacks of Sept.11, 2001.In addition, predators carried out their initial ever armed operation in 7th October 2001 in Afghanistan. The General Atomics MQ-9 Reaper, which is a bigger UCAV, has the capability of hauling a higher payload and has been in service from 2007. The Joint Special Operation Command (JSOC) and CIA are presently jointly administering the current program. These drones are usually deployed in such countries as Yemen, Somali and Pakistan. Strikes in Pakistan for instance have been happening from 2004 and intensified in pace from the beginning of 2008 summer. Apart from a Yemen strike in November 2002, the Yemen and Somalia campaigns started in 2011.In addition, there have been accounts of st rikes occurring in the Philippines, however, the information there is unclear. Additionally, there have done that have been deployed in Iraq, Afghanistan and Libya as part of America’s more conservative military operations in those nations (Boon & Lovelace, 2014). Predator drones are capable of carrying up to 2 Hellfire missiles, having warheads of around 20 pounds,

Parenting Styles and Anxiety Sensitivity Essay Example for Free

Parenting Styles and Anxiety Sensitivity Essay Statement of the problem At the end of this study the researches aim to answer these questions: 1. Is there a significant relationship between parenting styles and anxiety sensitivity? 2. Which among the three parenting style has the highest probability of producing anxious children? 3. Which among the demographic factors affect the parenting style of the mothers? Review of Related Literature It has long been proposed that parent-child relationships (particularly a child’s perceptions of these relationships) play an important role in child adjustment and psychological development (Safford et al. , 2007).Since 1966, researchers have conducted a great deal of research evaluating parent child interactions using the prototype of parental patterns developed by Baumrind (1966 1971), i.e., authoritative, authoritarian and permissive. Baumrind (1971) grouped parent’s behavior according to whether they were high or low on parental demandingness and responsiveness. Each of these parenting styles reflected different naturally occurring patterns of parental values, practices and behaviors (Baumrind, 1991). Authoritative parents strive to provide clear, firm direction, but discipline is moderated by warmth and reason (Buri, 1991). Permissive parents are non-controlling, and they use minimal punishment. Authoritarian parents are highly directive, and they value unquestioned obedience. Authoritarian parents are characteristically less warm, they discourage verbal give-and-take, and they use punitive methods to control their childrens behavior (Gfroerer, et al., 2011). It is important then to examine the type of parenting in which the child is exposed to at such a young age because it will have impact on their lives later on. During adolescence, various biological, cognitive, emotional, and social changes take place that affect the parent-child relationship (Lerner et al., 1996). Hence, it is essential to further in some factors that have influenced parenting styles in this particular period of life (Dà ¼zgà ¼n, 1995). Suppose parenting styles play a vital role in the development of anxiety disorders, it then becomes key in understanding how overprotective parenting aggravates the development of the anxiety symptoms (Erozkan, 2012). Given the importance of anxiety sensitivity for understanding emotional problems, it is important to also gain a better understanding of the nature of anxiety sensitivity (Taylor, 1995). Because family is one of the largest environmental factors impacting a child’s life, it is important to understand how a child’s family affects the development of anxiety symptoms in children. Furthermore, since it is a child’s parents who usually create the family environment, it is essential to understand which characteristics of parents or parenting contribute to the development of anxiety (Nanda et al., 2011). Chorpita and Barlow (1998) hypothesized that early life experiences involving excessive parental control can cause an individual to believe that events in one’s life are uncontrollable and unpredictable, which then contributes to the development of anxiety. That is, children who experience excessive parental control may believe that they have no internal control over their lives, since their parents are the ones who control everything; this, in turn, can lead to the development of anxiety. Further, parents with high levels of anxiety sensitivity may intervene more often, as they observe signs of anxiety in their children, judging these symptoms as harmful (Erozkan, 2011). In accordance to this, the aim of this research is to uncover the significant relationships between anxiety sensitivity and parenting styles. In the study conducted by Chambers et al. (2004), it is said that poor parenting style has been associated with anxiety and mood disorders among children. In this study, parenting styles were divided into two dimensions which are care and control. Under the dimension of care, parents are seen as warmth and understanding, while under the dimension of control, parents are seen as over-protective or intrusive. Patients with anxiety disorders were also tested in the study and Chambers et al. (2004) found out that those patients with anxiety disorders perceived poor parenting from both their mothers and fathers, while those who have no anxiety disorders report their parents as having optimal parenting. This suggests that optimal parenting may be considered as a factor in predictive recovery of the children. The study also concluded that paternal and maternal parenting styles have an effect on children. Poor parenting from mothers was associated with having a diagnosis in male participants, while poor parenting from fathers was associated with having a diagnosis in female participants. Parents who scored high in care and high in control were seen as having positive parenting style than parents who scored low in care and either high or low in control. Based on the results of the study, it is evident that parenting styles have an impact when it comes to children’s development of anxiety and or recovery from anxiety. Children who have parental care are more likely to perceive an optimal parenting and less likely to experience anxiety. Children who are already diagnosed with anxiety disorder are more likely to recover if their parents exhibit a positive parenting style. In a different study conducted by Lindhout et al. (2009), child temperament and child-rearing are said to be risk factors in child’s development of anxiety disorders. Parents of children having anxiety disorder exhibit a parenting style which is characterized by over-control and increased criticism. Also, children whose parents show less care or more control are said to be vulnerable to anxiety. The characteristic or temperament of the child may also give rise to the type of parenting style a parent uses and in return, may also strengthen the child’s characteristics. Parenting styles may depend on the characteristic or temperament of the child and at the same time, the characteristic or temperament of the child may also depend on the parenting style of their parents. This suggests that parenting serves as a moderator between temperament and anxiety (Lindhout et al., 2004). Also, children whose parents show less care or more control are said to be vulnerable to anxiety. Similar with the study of Chamber et al. (2004), Lindout et al’s. (2009) study also mentioned that parenting styles add an interesting component to the prevention of anxiety disorders among children. Temperament (shyness) appeared to be strongly related to anxiety levels in early childhood, but parenting style which is high in control showed more contribution to the anxiety that surface in middle childhood or preadolescence, even among children who were not initially anxious (Lindhout et al., 2004). According to the study of Oort et al. (2011), anxiety has several risk factors such as family or peer influences, and factors that are proximal to the individual. This study also considered temperamental characteristics as associated with anxiety. Family factors include parenting styles with high rejection and overprotection, parenting stress, and parental anxiety and depression. In the result of the study, Oort et al. (2011) found out that some of the important risk factors in preadolescence were low self-competence, rejecting and overprotecting parenting, and being a bully-victim. These risk indicators decrease toward age 16-17 years old. The risk factors that remain stable in high levels of anxiety were temperament, parental lifetime internalizing problems, and being a victim of bullying. Based on these result, it can be said that parenting styles contribute to the anxiety level of the children and may not be disregarded. It is important to consider this factor as contributing to anxiety of children so that anxiety may be prevented and parents will be educated on this matter (Lindhout, 2009). In the study conducted by Niditch and Varela (2012), two dimensions of parenting styles were studied which are acceptance/rejection and autonomy-granting/control. Parental control is said to limit the child’s exposure to developmentally appropriate autonomous experiences and self-guided problem solving (Niditch and Varela, 2012). It was also mentioned that controlling parents lead to anxiety by reducing the child’s experience of mastery of challenges in his or her environment. According to the â€Å"transactional and cyclical† nature of the relationship between parental control and child anxiety as mentioned by Niditch and Varela (2012), the parent takes action for the child in order to relieve the child’s distress, which often leads to the child feeling anxious in more situations. Parental rejection on the other hand, parents show criticism, arbitrary blame or punishment, and withholding warmth. Parental rejection teaches children that positive outcomes a re rare and are not the result of their actions, and this often leads to anxiety. It also said that parental rejection has less contribution when it comes to developing anxiety in children than parental control. It is important to consider the developmental stage in studying the effect of parental control on anxiety since parent’s controlling behaviors tend to change or increase through late childhood and decline towards adolescence (Niditch and Varela, 2012). It is also possible that changes in parenting styles affect anxious adolescents differently from non-anxious adolescents. This result manifests because anxious adolescents may perceive normative changes in control parenting style as increasing rejection. In adolescence, rejection is more associated with anxiety than control. Results of the study also revealed that maternal rejection was a predictor of anxiety. As explained by Niditch and Varela (2012), mothers are the nurturing caregivers and they pass on unique importance on maternal emotion socialization to their children, and that disruption to this role may result to reduced sense of emotional competence, which then leads to increased anxiety. Parents play an integral role in a child’s development because it is them who first interacted with the children. According to Ryan and Lynch (1889) â€Å"secure attachment to parents fosters a healthy self-confidence in adolescents as it does in other developmental stages.† Because of this, it is essential to know the possible effects of early parenting in the child’s cognitive, social, and emotional aspects. It is widely assumed that the nature and quality of the interactions between parents and adolescents can contribute to young people’s well-being (Bandura, 1997). Diana Baumrind in 1966 was able to present three primary parenting styles that can be used to categorize the parents’ behaviour towards the children. Later on in 1983, Macoby and Martin presented the fourth parenting style called the neglectful and Lamborns et al. (1991), were able to find supporting empirical results for this. As stated by Karavasilis, Doyle, and Markiewicz, (2003), authoritative parents are highly demanding, highly responsive and the same time grants autonomy. Authoritarian parents are characterized by high demandingness, low responsiveness and low levels of autonomy granting. Parents who are permissive show high levels of responsiveness and autonomy but low level of demandingness. A neglectful parent shows low levels of demandingness, responsiveness and autonomy granting. One important area that has been emphasized as contributing to the development of childhood anxiety is parenting (Chorpita and Barlow, 1998). The parent–child relationship appears to be one contributor to the development and/or maintenance of child social anxiety. A relationship between social anxiety and a parenting style marked by overprotection (or high control) and low warmth has been repeatedly demonstrated in various age groups and within both clinical and developmental areas of psychological study. (Bruch et al. 1989). This suggests that the parenting style practiced by the parents is influential in the development of social anxiety in children. Spokas and Heimberg (2008) said that â€Å"a family environment marked by affective involvement and behavioral control (which is likely related to parental overprotection) predicted one’s sense of control over anxiety symptoms, which then contributed to anxiety.† Traditional models of childhood anxiety sought to explain the development of anxiety in terms of single main effects and focused primarily on the broad parenting dimensions of acceptance versus rejection and psychological granting of autonomy versus psychological control (Rapee, 1997). As stated by Clark and Ladd (2000), parental rejection connotes low levels of parental warmth, approval, and responsiveness. This in turn can weaken the children’s emotions that make him or her sensitive to anxiety that may lead to having anxiety problems. Parental control involves excessive parental regulation of childrens activities and routines, encouragement of childrens dependence on parents, and instruction to children on how to think or feel (Barber, 1996). Theoretical models have hypothesized that when parents are highly controlling in contexts when it is developmentally appropriate for children to act independently (e.g., attending elementary school), children may experience decreased self-efficacy, and thus, increased anxiety (Wood, 2006). Adolescent years are often portrayed as the hardest stage as a teenager, because it is both tense for the parents and the teens. As said by Kopko (2007), teens undergo a number of developmental adjustments together with the changes on becoming an adult. These are related to the biological, cognitive, emotional and social changes as a teen. To be an effective parent, it requires having methodical understanding of these developmental changes. Kopko (2007) stated that the parent’s parenting style gives a healthy outcome for the developmental changes. There are different kinds of parenting styles and different impact that can help parents with their parent-teen relationship and the teens to find smooth ways in the adolescent developmental changes. According to Kopko (2007), Baumrind (1971, 1991) has four patterns of parenting style that was based on the two aspects of parenting behavior which is the parental warmth and control. Parental warmth is how a parent accepts and responses to the child and parental control is how a parent manages the behavior of the child. There are different ways of combining the two aspects of parenting behavior and if so there are four parenting styles that come into view. But in this study the researchers will only have three of the parenting styles of Baumrind; Authoritarian, Authoritative and Permissive. Kopko (2007) explained all the four patterns of parenting style, but the researcher will mainly focus on the other three parenting styles. Authoritative parenting style is a parent that shows warmth but secure towards the child. The parent reassures that the child can be able to do anything or be independent yet should also know ones limitations and control in their decision and actions. A child that has experienced an authoritative parenting style may likely to be socially capable, responsible and independent. Authoritarian parenting style is a parent that shows a little bit of warmth and more on the control towards the child. The parents are strict and controlling, they use a disciplinary style towards their child and they insist that their directions to the child will be followed. A child that has experienced an authoritarian parenting style may likely to be rebellious or dependent. A child that turns out to be rebellious has the tendency to show aggressive behaviors and a child t hat is more passive or submissive is dependent towards the parent. Permissive parenting style is a parent that shows warmth and no control toward the child. The parent is easygoing, understanding and passive and believes that by reciprocation to the wants of the child will show their love. A child that has experienced a permissive parenting style may likely to be self-centered and have no self-control. As stated by Biradar (2006), the youth is a period of time where the maturity in physical and psychological attributes change. The youth is likely to build his or her own identity and to acquire skills for socially responsible behavior. The youth’s change to adulthood can have a smooth process enabled by the presence and guide of securing, nurturing, and understanding parent. If there will be an emotional connection or bonding and communication between the parent and the child it is enough reason that the youth can be emotionally and socially capable, responsible and independent. Taylor (2007) discussed that anxiety sensitivity is the fear of arousal-related sensations, and saying that these sensations have harmful consequences. There are three basic dimensions of anxiety sensitivity; the first dimension is the fear of publicly observable anxiety reactions, the second dimension is the fear of thinking that it is unable to control one’s behavior, and the last dimension is the fear of somatic sensations. Anxiety sensitivity contributes to the intensity of one’s emotional reactions. According to Stein (1999), anxiety sensitivity is the fear of anxiety-related sensations. In the expectancy theory, an individual may become anxious whenever a symptom is experienced by an individual may tend to avoid certain activities, events, and places that will trigger anxiety. Stein (1999) also explained that if an individual has a high level of anxiety sensitivity, it is said to be that the individual is more likely to be a threat or danger if the individual experiences anxiety symptoms. Kashdan et. al. (2008) said that anxiety sensitivity can be a variable risk factor for anxiety problems and anxiety sensitivity is uniquely have a connection to escape and avoidance behavior of an individual.

The Great Gatsby: The Integrity of Nick Carraway :: essays research papers

The Great Gatsby: The Question of Nick Carraway's Integrity In pursuing relationships, we come to know people only step by step. Unfortunately, as our knowledge of others' deepens, we often move from enchantment to disenchantment. Initially we overlook flaws or wish them away; only later do we realize peril of this course. In the novel "The Great Gatsby" by F. Scott Fitzgerald, the journey from delight to disappointment may be seen in the narrator, Nick Carraway. Moving from initial interest to romantic allure to moral repugnance, Nick's relationship with Jordan Baker traces a painfully familiar, all-to-human arc. Nick's initial interest in Jordan is mainly for her looks and charm. Upon first sight of her at the Buchanan's mansion, he is at once drawn to her appearance. He Notes her body "extended full length" on the divan, her fluttering lips, and her quaintly tipped chin. He observes the lamp light that "glinted along the paper as she turned a page with a flutter of slender muscles in her arms." He is willing to overlook her gossipy chatter about Tom's extra- marital affair, and is instead beguiled by her dry witticisms and her apparent simple sunniness: "Time for this good girl to go to bed," she says. When Daisy begins her matchmaking of Nick and Jordan, we sense that she is only leading where Nick's interest is already taking him. It is Jordan, then, who makes Nick feel comfortable at Gatsby's party, as we sense what Nick senses: they're becoming a romantic couple. As they drive home a summer house-party, Nick notes her dishonesty but forgives it, attributing it to her understandable need to get by in a man's world. She praises his lack of carelessness, tells him directly "I like you"--and he is smitten, After Jordan tells him the tale of Gatsby and Daisy's past, Nick feels a "heady excitement" because she has taken him into her confidence. Attracted by her "universal skepticism" and under the influence of his own loneliness, Nick-- overlooking this time her "wan, scornful mouth"--seals their romance by planted a kiss on Jordan's lips. But the attraction can't last and is, by summer's end, replaced by repugnance. The smallest of details, at first, heralds this falling-apart: "Jordan's fingers, powdered with white over their tan, rested for a moment in mine." Here Fitzgerald has dropped a subtle hint that their liaison is to be the matter of only a moment, and that Jordan's "integrity" may be a matter of mere cosmetics. But it is Jordan's failure to feel the gravity of the real falling- apart--among Tom, Daisy, and Gatsby--that most rankles Nick, and he reacts with

Blindside Movie Analysis Essay

I am writing an essay that is analyzing the movie The Blind Side and relating it to the essay â€Å"Seeking and Making Culture: Representing the Poor† by bell hooks. The issue that is motivating me to write is to show that there is collateral learning in this movie and to show that there are contradictory and stereotypical images of poverty. A writer that has addressed the issue about poverty and the poor class is bell hooks, using her personal experiences to influence her writing in the essay. My working thesis is that there is chances in life that a person may come along that would change our life perspectives. How we approach that change and be courageous enough to do something about it may have a lifelong impact on another person and might make a huge difference. My audience is teenagers, young adults and adults to help them get rid of the stereotypical image of poor people in the world. I think my use of specific details from the movie is working best. The parts of my ess ay that I am least satisfied with are tying the article from hooks back to the movie. The kinds of feedback that I would like are to make sure I answered all of the questions of WAR and that I was specific enough in my essay. The Blind Side describes the struggle of a Black man to become part of the White society. Michael Oher, the main character in the story shows the audience how a black man experiences mistreatment and discrimination from his white community that is the common trend of American mainstream. However, the film also wants to deconstruct the traditional perceptions towards White Americans through the Tuohy family. In this movie, the  director shows how White Americans like the Tuohy family accepts Michael for who he is and what he wants to be. The Tuohys become Michael’s enduring power, armor, and salvation as he faces his new path of transformation, social acceptance, and immersion. From this sense, it can be perceived that Hancock’s film depicts the notion of popular culture as it emphasizes the different issues of the society such as race, racism, cultural differences, cultural interaction, and other ideas about culture and society. Having an extreme difference in terms o f race, lifestyle, social background, and social status, the two races are combined together under one roof to describe the possible repulsion that might occur as well as the attraction that can happen between them. However, it is not only this internal repulsion or attraction that is presented as a conflict of the film, but also the people within the Tuohys social surroundings. Since Leigh Anne and Sean are influential individuals because of their profession, people around them think that adopting Michael taints their good reputation. This is one of the major struggles of the Tuohy family along with Michael, but they stand up against their foes and prove to these people that Michael is more civilized than those who continue to criticize him. In article â€Å"Seeing and Making Culture: Representing the Poor†, bell hooks brings to the surface issues involving people of higher classes compared to those in poverty. In addressing issues like assumptions made about the poor, how the poor are viewed in popular culture and how the poor are represented on television or in movies. One of hooks main arguments is brought into focus throughout the movie. The concept of popular culture emerges in this film in three distinct themes: racism within the football team, the lifestyle of the socialites, and when an upcoming superstar is â€Å"made,† people keep an eye on this individual. Logically, racism occurs in television, radio, movies, and other types of media. Most of the time, these industries use racism as a form of stereotyping. That is why common people utilize these ideals; they think that it is accepted in the society. This is what happened to Michael. He faces discrimination inside his own classroom. Even his teacher demonstrates the differences of how a White teacher interacts with a Black student like him. It is a form of stereotype that the media continues to express towards its audience. Another example of popular culture in this film is when Michael begins his football career. When the football coach,  Burt Cotton sees Michael’s potential, he accepts the main character as a student of Wingate Christian School. This is also the beginning of Michael’s popularity. People, even the coaches and owners of different universities, want Michael to become part of their school. That is why despite Michael’s academic records and race, they are interested in him. People begin to keep their eyes on Michael’s actions and achievements because he becomes popular and he soon becomes part of their lifestyle. In hooks article, one of her main arguments is about false assumptions made about the poor from her life experiences. She states, â€Å"That the poor class were almost always portrayed the poor as shiftless, mindless, lazy, dishonest, and unworthy†. This relates to the movie because the Tuohys community has specific sets of moral values. They believe that Black Americans are unacceptable within their community or surroundings because they are the roots of negativities. This is also an example of high culture being looked at as a superior culture. The Tuohys do not change this norm, but they create their own values by accepting Michael and believe in him and his capabilities as a person. The Blindside and hooks article helps us learn that there is more to a story then just what is put on the screen. The story line is a lot deeper and has a lot of other meanings then we think. The Tuohys’ ideology is different from the standard culture of the society, but because they are part of their community, they have to express their ideology. It is hard in the beginning to show their different point of view, but they win the battle against their foes because Michael shows that he is different from the stereotypic character of a Black American. Work Cited Greene, Stuart, and April Lidinsky. From Inquiry to Academic Writing: A Text and Reader. 2nd ed. Boston: Bedford/St.Martins, 2008. 344-49, 358-71. Print.

Night World : Witchlight Chapter 1

The mall was so peaceful. There was no hint of the terrible thing that was about to happen. It looked like any other shopping mall inNorth Carolina on a Sunday afternoon in December. Modern. Brightly decorated. Crowded with customers who knew there were only ten shopping days until Christmas. Warm, despite the chilly gray skies outside. Safe. Not the kind of place where a monster would appear. Keller walked past a display of â€Å"Santa Claus Through the Ages† with all her senses alert and open. And that meant a lot of senses. The glimpses she caught of herself in darkened store windows showed a high-school-aged girl in a sleek jumpsuit, with straight black hair that fell past her hips and cool gray eyes. But she knew that anybody who watched her closely was likely to see something else-a sort of prowling grace in the way she walked and an inner glow when the gray eyes focused on anything. Raksha Keller didn't look quite human. Which was hardly surprising, because she wasn't. She was a shapeshifter, and if people looking at her got the impression of a half-tamed panther on the loose, they were getting it exactly right. â€Å"Okay, everybody.† Keller touched the pin on her collar, then pressed a finger to the nearly invisible receiver in her ear, trying to tune out the Christmas music that filled the mall. â€Å"Report in.† â€Å"Winnie here.† The voice that spoke through the receiver was light, almost lilting, but professional. â€Å"I'm over by Sears. Haven't seen anything yet. Maybe she's not here.† â€Å"Maybe,† Keller said shortly into the pin-which wasn't a pin at all but an extremely expensive transmission device. â€Å"But she's supposed to love shopping, and her parents said she was headed this way. It's the best lead we've got. Keep looking.† â€Å"Nissa here.† This voice was cooler and softer, emotionless. â€Å"I'm in the parking lot, driving by theBingham Street entrance. Nothing to report- wait.† A pause, then the ghostly voice came back with a new tension: â€Å"Keller, we've got trouble. A black limo just pulled up outside Brody's. They know she's here.† Keller's stomach tightened, but she kept her voice level. â€Å"You're sure it's them?† â€Å"I'm sure. They're getting out-a couple of vampires and†¦ something else. A young guy, just a boy really. Maybe a shapeshifter. I don't know for sure; he isn't like anything I've seen before.† The voice was troubled, and that troubled Keller. Nissa Johnson was a vampire with a brain like the library of Congress. Something she didn't recognize? â€Å"Should I park and come help you?† Nissa asked. â€Å"No,† Keller said sharply. â€Å"Stay with the car; we're going to need it for a fast getaway. Winnie and I will take care of it. Right, Winnie?† â€Å"Oh, right, Boss. In fact, I can take 'em all on myself; you just watch.† ‘You watch your mouth, girl.† But Keller had to fight the grim smile that was tugging at her lips. Winfrith Arlin was Nissa's opposite-a witch and inclined to be emotional. Her odd sense of humor had lightened some black moments. â€Å"Both of you stay alert,† Keller said, completely serious now. â€Å"You know what's at stake.† â€Å"Right, Boss.† This time, both voices were subdued. They did know. The world. The girl they were looking for could save the world-or destroy it. Not that she knew that†¦ yet Her name was Iliana Harman, and she had grown up as a human child. She didn't realize that she had the blood of witches in her and that she was one of the four Wild Powers destined to fight against the time of darkness that was coming. She's about to get quite a surprise when we tell her, Keller thought That was assuming that Keller's team got to her before the bad guys did. But they would. They had to. There was a reason they'd been chosen to come here, when every agent of Circle Daybreak in North America would have been glad to do this job. They were the best. It was that simple. They were an odd team-vampire, witch, and shapeshifter-but they were unbeatable. And Keller was only seventeen, but she already had a reputation for never losing. And I'm not about to blow that now, she thought. â€Å"This is it, kiddies,† she said. â€Å"No more talking until we ID the girl. Good luck.† Their transmissions were scrambled, of course, but there was no point in taking chances. The bad guys were extremely well organized. Doesn't matter. Well still win, Keller thought, and she paused in her walking long enough really to expand her senses. It was like stepping into a different world. They were senses that a human couldn't even imagine. Infrared. She saw body heat. Smell. Humans didn't have any sense of smell, not really. Keller could distinguish Coke from Pepsi from across a room. Touch. As a panther, Keller had exquisitely sensitive hairs all over her body, especially on her face. Even in human form, she could feel things with ten times the intensity of a real human. She could feel her way in total darkness by the air pressure on her skin. Hearing. She could hear both higher and lower pitches than a human, and she could pinpoint an individual cough in a crowd. Sight. She had night vision like-well, like a cat's. Not to mention more than five hundred muscles that she could move voluntarily. And just now, all her resources were attuned to finding one teenage girl in this swarming mall. Her eyes roved over faces; her ears pricked at the sound of every young voice; her nose sorted through thousands of smells for the one that would match the T-shirt she'd taken from Iliana's room. Then, just as she froze, catching a whiff of something familiar, the receiver in her ear came to life. â€Å"Keller-I spotted her! Hallmark, second floor. But they're here, too.† They'd found her first. Keller cursed soundlessly. Aloud, she said, â€Å"Nissa, bring the car around to the west side of the mall. Winnie, don't do anything. I'm coming.† The nearest escalator was at the end of the mall. But from the map in her hand, she could see that Hallmark was directly above her on the upper level. And she couldn't waste time. Keller gathered her legs under her and jumped. One leap, straight up. She ignored the gasps- and a few shrieks-of the people around her as she sprang. At the top of her jump, she caught the railing that fenced off the upper-level walkway. She hung for a second by her hands, then pulled herself up smoothly. More people were staring. Keller ignored them. They got out of her way as she headed for the Hallmark store. Winnie was standing with her back to the display window of the store beside it. She was short, with a froth of strawberry curls and a pixie face. Keller edged up to her, careful to keep out of the line of sight of the Hallmark. â€Å"What's up?† â€Å"There's three of them,† Winnie murmured in a barely audible voice. â€Å"Just like Nissa said. I saw them go in-and then I saw her. They've got her surrounded, but so far they're just talking to her.† She glanced sideways at Keller with dancing green eyes. â€Å"Only three-we can take them easy.† â€Å"Yeah, and that's what worries me. Why would they only send three?† Winnie shrugged slightly. â€Å"Maybe they're like us-the best.† Keller only acknowledged that with a flicker of her eyebrows. She was edging forward centimeter by centimeter, trying to get a glimpse of the interior of the Hallmark shop between the stockings and stuffed animals in the display window. There. Two guys in dark clothing almost like uniforms-vampire thugs. Another guy Keller could see only as a partial silhouette through a rack of Christmas ornaments. And her. Iliana. The girl everybody wanted. She was beautiful, almost impossibly so. Keller had seen a picture, and it had been beautiful, but now she saw that it hadn't come within miles of conveying the real girl. She had the silvery-fair hair and violet eyes that showed her Harman blood. She also had an extraordinary delicacy of features and grace of movement that made her as pretty to watch as a white kitten on the grass. Although Keller knew she was seventeen, she seemed slight and childlike. Almost fairylike. And right now, she was listening with wide, trusting eyes to whatever the silhouette guy was saying. To Keller's fury, she couldn't make it out. He must be whispering. â€Å"It's really her,† Winnie breathed from beside Keller, awed. â€Å"The Witch Child. She looks just like the legends said, just like I imagined.† Her voice turned indignant. â€Å"I can't stand to watch them talk to her. It's like-blasphemy.† â€Å"Keep your hair on,† Keller murmured, still searching with her eyes. â€Å"You witches get so emotional about your legends.† â€Å"Well, we should. She's not just a Wild Power, she's a pure soul.† Winfrith's voice was softly awed. â€Å"She must be so wise, so gentle, so farsighted. I can't wait to talk to her.† Her voice sharpened. â€Å"And those thugs shouldn't be allowed to talk to her. Come on, Keller, we can take-them fast. Let's go.† â€Å"Winnie, don't-â€Å" It was too late. Winnie was already moving, heading straight into the shop without any attempt at concealment. Keller cursed again. But she didn't have any choice now. â€Å"Nissa, stand by. Things are going to get exciting,† she snapped, touching her pin, and then she followed. Winnie was walking directly toward the little group of three guys and Iliana as Keller reached the door. The guys were looking up, instantly alert. Keller saw their faces and gathered herself for a leap. But it never happened. Before she could get all her muscles ready, the silhouette guy turned-and everything changed. Time went into slow motion. Keller saw his face clearly, as if she'd had a year to study it. He wasn't bad-looking-quite handsome, actually. He didn't look much older than she was, and he had clean, nicely molded features. He had a small, compact body with what looked like hard muscles under his clothes. His hair was black, shaggy but shiny, almost like fur. It fell over his forehead in an odd way, a way that looked deliberately disarrayed and was at odds with the neatness of the rest of him. And he had eyes of obsidian. Totally opaque. Shiny silver-black, with nothing clear or transparent about them. They revealed nothing; they simply threw light back at anyone who looked into them. They were the eyes of a monster, and every one of Keller's five hundred voluntary muscles froze in fear. She didn't need to hear the roar that was far below the pitch that human ears could pick up. She didn't need to see the swirl of dark energy that flared like a red-tinged black aura around him. She knew already, instinctively, and she tried to get the breath to yell a warning to Winnie. There was no time. She could only watch as the boy's face turned toward Winnie and power exploded out of him. He did it so casually. Keller could tell that it was only a flick of his mind, like a horse slapping its tail at a fly. But the dark power slammed into Winnie and sent her flying through the air, arms and legs outstretched, until she hit a wall covered with display plates and clocks. The crash was tremendous. Winnie! Keller almost yelled it out loud. Winnie fell behind the cash register counter, out of Keller's line of sight. Keller couldn't tell if she were alive or not. The cashier who had been standing behind the counter went running and screaming toward the back of the shop. The customers scattered, some following the cashier, some dashing for the exit. Keller hung in the doorway a second longer as they streamed out around her. Then she reeled away to stand with her back against the window of the next shop, breathing hard. There were coils of ice in her guts. A dragon. He was a dragon.

dust bowl essays

dust bowl essays The early 1900's were a time of turmoil for farmers in the United States, especially in the Great Plains region. After the end of World War I, overproduction by farmers resulted in low prices for crops. When farmers first came to the Midwest, they farmed as much wheat as they could because of the high prices and demand. Of the ninety-seven acres, almost thirty-two million acres were being cultivated. The farmers were careless in their planting of the crop, caring only about profit, and they started plowing grasslands that were not made for planting Because of their constant plowing year after year and the lack of rainfall, the soil was quickly losing its fertility. With unfertile, dry land, the wheat crop started dying, and then blowing away with wind. Due to the improper farming, along with a long drought, dust storms made life in the Dust Bowl very burdensome. During the 1930's, the Great Plains was plagued with a drought, a long period of dryness, which brought demise to many of the farmers in the region. This horrible drought started in 1930, a year that saw heavy rains in a very short time, which cause flooding in many areas of the Oklahoma Panhandle. The year continued to with horrible blizzards in the winter and a drought into the late summer. Many of the farms in the Great Plains, losing most of the crop, were greatly affected by the first droughts of the 1930's. The months of July and August saw about a forty-percent decrease of precipitation compared to previous years. From 1934 to 1936, A record drought hit the southwestern region. In 1934 the temperature was excruciatingly hot, causing many to die as a result of the heat. 1935 was a year where rainfall was very, very scarce. The heat began to rise at fast rates in the summer of 1936, with many days reaching above 120 degrees. The drought, along with the dust storms, we re major reasons for poor farming in the Great Plains during the early to mid-1930's ...

Words for Names of People

Words for Names of People Words for Names of People Words for Names of People By Mark Nichol Words that include the element nym, and some that include nom, pertain to names and naming. Such terms as anonymous (literally, â€Å"without a name†) and pseudonym (â€Å"false name†) are ubiquitous, but most others in this class are more or less obscure. This post lists and defines such terms that pertain to individuals and groups of people. An allonym (â€Å"other name†) is the name of one person employed as a pseudonym by one or more other people, as in the case of the name Publius, the non de plume of Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay, which called back to Publius Valerius Publicola, a founder of the Roman Republic. (â€Å"Non de plume† itself, and â€Å"nom de guerre,† which mean, respectively, â€Å"pen name† and â€Å"war name,† are terms adopted from French that are synonyms of pseudonym.) An anthroponym (â€Å"man name†) is a proper name or a surname. (A gamonym is a name acquired as a result of marriage.) Aptronym is a recent coinage playing on apt, denoting a surname coincidentally appropriate to a person’s profession, such as when someone who makes beer is named Brewer. Autonym (self name)- or the synonym endonym, or â€Å"inner name†- refers to a term used by inhabitants of a place for that place (or themselves or their language), as in Deutsch, the German term for the German language; German is an exonym (â€Å"outer name†). (An ethnonym- people name- is a name for an ethnic group.) A charactonym is a fictitious character’s name that alludes to a quality of that person; literature is replete with such names, including those characterizing combative spouses in the early radio sitcom The Bickersons and the comic strip The Lockhorns. An eponym (â€Å"above name†) is a person, place, or thing after which someone or something is named. A mononym (â€Å"one name†) is a single name, such as Leonardo or Madonna. A patronym (â€Å"father name†), or patronymic, is a name based on a male ancestor’s given name, especially those with prefixes and suffixes integrated into surnames, such as Mac- or Mc- or Fitz- in Gaelic, -ez and -es in Spanish and Portuguese, and -son and variants such as -sen in Germanic languages. The female equivalents are matronym/matronymic; such forms are rare (at least in Indo-European languages), though -dottir is used in Icelandic surnames. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:What Is Irony? (With Examples)How Long Should a Paragraph Be?Empathic or Empathetic?

What is the difference between imperialism and colonialims Essay

What is the difference between imperialism and colonialims - Essay Example These raw materials were then to be crafted into finished products that the colonies must then buy from the home nation. The focus of the home nation under colonialism is settlement and establishment of colonies in areas that provided economic advantages. All they expect from the colonies is a steady flow of raw goods and fixed export markets for those same finished goods. Imperialism is different in that the goal in establishing an empire is political as well as economic. The goal of imperialism is to make other nations or territories conform to an ideology that is supported at the imperial center. In colonialism, the interaction and focus of power is in the colonies. Imperialism involves the conquest of lands on the periphery of the empire, subjugating them to the ideology that emanates from the center of the empire. While colonialism and imperialism both have economic advantages for the home nation or center of power, imperialism gains this advantage through forced conformity to an ideology while colonialism creates this advantage through economic, not political

Sleep Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sleep - Essay Example There are some health effects of sleep which are very imperative to consider and comprehend. These include the fact that sleep is very directly linked with the overall health and quality of life of individuals under discussion. It is a well-known fact that restoration, growth and development come about when a person is sleeping in a deep manner. This goes to suggest how important deep sleep is to human beings. The resistance to viral infections is increased and the natural immunity within the human body becomes better. Since lack of sleep may mean breakdown in the human body’s health processes, researchers and medical practitioners are against this dictum adopted by a few people. When it comes to classification of sleep, there are two tangents which come under it. One is the sleep deprivation and the other – sleep debt. Sleep deprivation looks at the utter lack of time required for sufficient sleep. This is ideally a condition that would affect in impairing physical, em otional as well as cognitive working of the human body. On the other hand, sleep debt is essentially the variation in the time between the attained sleep and the sleep which is required to maintain alert wakefulness, most of which comes about during the day. Lack of proper sleep measures can lead to a number of disorders in the human body. These are linked up with some serious mental as well as physical health considerations. Some of these include the mental health disparities, obesity and overweight patterns in the human body, cardiovascular issues, immunological disorders, respiratory problems, endocrine concerns, metabolic diseases and a number of other ailments which keep on happening within the human body. The need is to comprehend how important sleep is and give it the priority that it richly deserves. It will solve quite a few issues during the daytime as well as keep the person alert. Some of the common sleep disorders include dyssomnias and parasomnias. Dyssomnia usually in cludes within its fore the insomnia, sleep paralysis, hypersomnia, sleep apnea, narcolepsy, restless legs syndrome and the Circadian Rhythm sleep disorder. Parasomnia takes into account the REM behavior disorder, the night eating syndrome, the nocturnal eating disorder, sleepwalking issue, sleep terror disorder, sexomnia and the nightmare disorder. There are gender differences also existent within sleep that need to be given significance. These differences come about when a child is merely 6 months old. It has been researched that women usually have more relaxed sleep when compared to men. Also it has been noticed that women take less sleep than men while the latter have more rapid eye movements during sleep. In the same footing, men usually experience a decline in slow wave sleep which happens earlier but takes place quicker than women. Hence men tend to sleep well as compared to women for a number of scientific reasons. In order to attain a good night’s sleep, it is importa nt to have a proper sleep schedule in place. It is usually a common phrase ‘early to bed, early to rise – makes you healthy, wealthy and wise’. One can learn quite a few things from this phrase as it sums up nearly all the concerns which sleep can address, not only in the present times but also in the future. A sleep friendly environment is the key to having a good night’s sleep because it usually tells the person that he is safe, sound

The development of a marketing plan Personal Statement

The development of a marketing plan - Personal Statement Example The business entrepreneur desires to launch a new business of interior decoration. The business segment of interior decoration is highly competitive in nature. The entrepreneur would not be able to successfully run its business without the help of an appropriate marketing plan. Tastes and preferences of the individuals change drastically, when it comes to interior decorations. Thus, the mogul would face high expenses in business innovation and manufacture process. Moreover, the discounts offered by the potential rivals (Wal-Mart, Home-Depot) in the market would create price pressures on the entrepreneur. The cost of inputs (catalogue resources like pottery barn) used in interior decorations are also increasing with time. So, if the entrepreneur aspires to run its new business successfully he must set up an appropriate marketing plan for the business (SBA, 2013). The entrepreneur would never be able to fruitfully market its business services if the goals and objectives of the marketing plan are not set at the beginning. The goals and objectives of the marketing plan for the interior designing business are:- The desired objectives of the business plan should be measurable in terms of target. The target of 15% growth in sales and 10% growth in profit should be achievable in reality. The target should be attained in a span of say 5 years from the date of inception of the business. It is considered that the above mentioned objectives for the marketing plan are not only specific but also achievable for the business (Westwood, 2005). The interior designing business should offer excellent services to the business clients. The designing should not only be a mark of class, but should also be superior in terms of quality. The company should maintain admirably designed retail outlets and should offer other complementary services that would impress the clients. The

The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Operating Systems Information Technology Essay

The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Operating Systems Information Technology Essay Level of involvement is one of the characteristic of honeypot and this level of involvement is used to measure the degree of interaction of the attacker with the operating system. Commonly a low-involvement honeypot will provide certain fake services [Spi01] and these services can only be implemented if somebody listen on a specific port. It is not possible to catch complex protocols communication with such a simple solution. An SMTP handshake will not give much useful information because an answering service is not listening. On a low-involvement honeypot there is no real operating system on which the attacker can operate and this will minimize the risk as there will be no complexity of the operating system. This is a disadvantage as it is not possible to watch an attacker interacting with the operating system. Role of this low-involvement honeypot is very passive as it is like a one-way connection in which we can only listen, but we do not ask questions ourselves. Figure 5.1: Low-involvement honeypot: A low-involvement honeypot does reduce risk to a minimum by minimizing interaction with the attacker Both low-level involvement honeypot and passive IDS are comparable as both the systems will not alter any traffic or interact with the attacker or the traffic flow. If the incoming packets match their patterns they are used to create logs and alerts. 5.1.2 Mid-involvement Honeypot A mid-involvement honeypot provides more interaction, but doesnt provide a real operating system. The fake daemons have deeper knowledge about the particular services they provide and are complicated. And risk will also increase. As the complexity of the honeypot increases the probability of the attacker to find the security hole or vulnerability is getting bigger. As there are no boundaries for the security and logging mechanisms built for this kind of events, a compromise of this system is still unlikely and certainly no goal. In the higher level of interaction, there is a possibility of more complex attacks and can be logged and analyzed. In general, the attacker has more possibilities to interact and probe the system and gets a better illusion of a real operating system. It is complex and time consuming for developing a mid-involvement honeypot and special care has to be taken for checking the security as all developed fake daemons must be as secure as possible. The developed versions must be very secure than their real counterparts, because this is the main reason to substitute these with fake variants. As each protocol and service must be understood in detail the knowledge for developing such a system must be very high. Figure 5.2: Mid-involvement honeypot: A mid-involvement honeypot does interact with the user in a minimal way 5.1.3 High-involvement Honeypot A high-involvement honeypot consists of an operating system and this leads to a much higher risk as the complexity increases and also at the same time, the possibility for gathering information, the possible attacks and the attractiveness increases a lot. One of the goal of the hacker is to gain root and to have the access to a shell,connected to the Internet 24/7. Such an environment is offered by high-involvement honeypot. As soon as a hacker gains the access, his real work and the interesting part begins. To get this level of freedom the attacker has to compromise the system, and then he will have the root rights on the system and can do everything at any instance on the compromised system. According to se, this system is not secure and even the whole machine cannot be considered as secure. This doesnot matter if he is in a sandbox, in a jail or a VMW box as there can be ways to get out of these software boundaries. Figure 5.3: High-involvement honeypot: A high-involvement honeypot has great risk as the attacker can compromise the system and use all its resources. This honeypot is very time consuming and the system should be kept under observation most of the time. If a honeypot is not under control then it is not of much help and it can become a danger or security hole itself. As the honeypot can be used by the blackhats as if its a real compromised system,it is very important to limit a honeypots access to the local intranet. As the danger once a system is fully compromised can b e reduced, limiting outbound traffic is also an important point to consider. If a full operating system is provided to the attacker, he can upload and install new files. As all actions can be recorded and analyzed, here a high-involvement honeypot can show its strength. One of the main goals of a high-involvement honeypot is to gather new information about the blackhat community and legitimates the higher risk. 5.1.4 Overview There are advantages and disadvantages of each level of involvement. Table 5.1: Overview of each level of Involvement advantages and disadvantages The danger is reduced as much as possible by choosing the lowest as possible risk honeypot. While choosing a honeypot and its level of involvement the required maintenance time must be considered. Honeynets are another possible honeypot architecture. 5.2 HONEYNETS NETWORK TOPOLOGIES Here the discussion is regarding the placement of honeypots in a network and a special, more complex version of honeypots which can also be called as honeynet. 5.2.1 Honeypot Location A honeypot does not require a specific environment to live as it is a standard server with no special needs. A honeypot can be placed anywhere a server is placed but some places are better for some approaches than others. Based on the service required, honeypot can be used on the internet as well as on the intranet. If the detection of some bad guys in a private network had wished it would be better to place a honeypot on the intranet which can be useful. Since this system can easily be compromised without immediate knowledge, it is important to set the internal thrust for a honeypot as low as possible. A honeypot can be placed at two locations with Internet as the main concern:  · In front of the firewall  · Behind the firewall (intranet) There are advantages and disadvantages of each approach. Because of the fact that placing a server in front of a firewall is simply not possible or not wished it is sometimes even impossible to choose freely. 5.2.1.1 In Front of the Firewall The risk for the internal network does not increase by placing the honeypot in front of a firewall. Behind the firewall the danger of having a compromised system is eliminated. This can be a problem if no additional firewalls are being used to shield some resources or if the IP is used for the purpose of authentication. A lot of unwished traffic like portscans or attack patterns will be attracted and generated by a honeypot and by placing a honeypot outside the firewall such events does not get logged by the firewall and an internal IDS system will not generate alerts. Or else, lot of alerts will be generated on the firewall or IDS. The biggest advantage of the firewall or IDS and any other resources, is that they need not be adjusted as the honeypot is outside the firewall and viewed as any other machine on the external network. Therefore if a honeypot is running it will not increase the risk of the internal network nor does it introduce new risks. If the honeypot is placed in front of the firewall then internal attackers cannot be located or trapped that easy, particularly if the firewall limits outbound traffic and therefore limits the traffic to the honeypot. 5.2.1.2 Behind the Firewall New security risks to the internal network can be introduced by a honeypot behind the firewall, in particular if the internal network is not secured against the honeypot through additional firewalls. A honeypot provides a lot of services; most of them are not used as exported services to the Internet and are blocked by the firewall. It is inevitable to adjust the firewall rules and also the IDS signatures by placing the honeypot behind the firewall, as it can be wished not to generate an alert every time the honeypot is attacked or scanned. If internal honeypot is compromised by an external attacker the biggest problem will arise. He can then access the internal network through the honeypot. This traffic will not be stopped by the firewall as it is regarded as traffic to the honeypot only, which in turn is granted. It is mandatory for securing an internal honeypot, in particular if it is a high-involvement honeypot. The main reason for placing a honeypot behind a firewall is to detect internal attackers. By making use of the internal honeypot it is possible to detect a mis-configured firewall. It is not possible to place a honeypot in front of a firewall sometimes because no external IPs are available nor access to the network in front of the firewall is possible. 5.2.2 Honeynets A honeypot is a single machine which is used for running multiple virtual operating systems. As the traffic goes directly on to the network it is not possible to control the outbound traffic. Preliminary firewall can be used to limit outbound traffic. Such a complex environment is honeynet. Multiple honeypots and a firewall (or firewalled-bridge) to limit and log network traffic is contained by a typical honeynet. To watch the potential attacks and decode and store network traffic on the preliminary system an IDS can be used. Figure 5.5: Different types of honeypot topologies: Simple honeypot, honeynet and a virtual honeynet If a firewall is placed in front of a honeypot (or multiple honeypots) the risk based on the honeypot can be reduced. Both the inbound as well as the outbound connections can be controlled; it is possible to control the network flow. As logging of network traffic can be done on one centralized location for all honeypots it is very easy. The data that is captured need not be placed on the honeypot itself and the risk of this data detection by an attacker is eliminated. More hardware is required by introducing new machines to the honeypot itself. Only one machine solution is thinkable. It is possible to set up multiple virtual systems on a physical machine by making use of Virtualization software. By this attempt, a firewall can also be placed on the same machine as all virtual honeypots but the security of this solution is not that good compared to different physical machines. If the honeynet is a virtual environment, the attacker could be able to break out of the virtual machine and the system could be compromised. As the attacker cannot see the bridge it is safe to place the bridge with firewall capabilities in front of a honeypot. As the bridge has no IP it is not possible to attack the bridge and therefore no attack point exists. There is complexity of the environment raised when additional hardware is introduced. In order to provide best security networking and associated tools must be understood.

Purchasing Drill Accessories :: Informative Essay

The use of drill accessories are increasing for commercial as well as domestic projects. The reason is that these cordless drill accessories can perform multiple tasks in a short time. Whether you are making a hole in a wall or mixing liquid for painting, it is essential to include drill accessories with other equipment. While purchasing for drill tools, you can get all essential drill parts in form of drill accessory set. This set is considered an essential item for wood and metal applications and also used for other construction tasks. Many experts are of the view that drill accessory works on the base of rotating technology and saves much time and labor cost. It works on the base of rotating terminology that can make a hole or cut the concrete walls. For the accomplishment of multiple tasks, drill bits prove helpful in the space mission and screw driving applications. Electric motor is fitted in this accessory that can make a hole in an object within a few seconds. While working with different applications, you can adjust the speed of the drill that fits to the needs of the task. However, Cordless drill accessories are preferred than others because of their ease of use and built in batter features. In the cordless drill accessories, you will find the battery that can be used in case of electricity supply shortage. The use of this amazing tool has facilitated the workers because they can now complete the task of drilling without much efforts and labor. When you are using drill accessories, you must adopt some essential security measures. It will save you from any type of serious injury. When you plan for cordless drill accessories shopping, you will find different types of drill tools in the market. Here, I am giving you an overvi ew of some functional drill accessories so that you can buy the right drilling driver for your task. Compact drill The purchase of a compact drill will prove cost effective for you because it can be used for drilling and screw driving application at the same time. It is available with integrated keyless chuck and some adjustment tools. In addition, industrial metal and gears are used in its manufacturing that increases its durability. It works similar to cordless drill accessories and easy to use for all drilling applications. Rotary mixer drill Rotary mixer drill is another latest tool that is designed for plastering, painting and concrete applications.

Shool Work

Excel Chapter 2 – Formulas, Functions, Formatting, and Web Queries MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. To start a new line in a cell, press ____ after each line, except for the last line, which is completed by clicking the Enter box, pressing the ENTER key, or pressing one of the arrow keys. a. |ALT+ENTER|c. |SHIFT+ENTER| b. |CTRL+ENTER|d. |TAB+ENTER| ANS:APTS:1REF:EX 87 2. If a cell has a two-digit year of 32, Excel automatically changes it to a four-digit year of ____. a. |1732|c. |1932| b. |1832|d. |2032| ANS:CPTS:1REF:EX 88 3. Every time you enter a value into a cell in the worksheet, Excel automatically ____ formulas. . |recalculates new|c. |recalculates old| b. |recalculates some|d. |recalculates all| ANS:DPTS:1REF:EX 90 4. To save a previously saved workbook with a new name or on a different drive, ____. a. |click the Save button on the Quick Access Toolbar| b. |click Save As on the File menu| c. |press CTRL+S| d. |click Save on the File menu| ANS:APTS:1REF:EX 90 5. All of the following are valid Excel arithmetic operators except ____. a. |^|c. |%| b. |*|d. |>| ANS:DPTS:1REF:EX 92 6. When Excel follows the order of operations, the formula, 8 * 3 + 2, equals ____. a. |40|c. |48| b. |26|d. |13| ANS:BPTS:1REF:EX 92 7. When an error occurs in a formula in a cell, Excel displays the ____ button next to the cell and identifies the cell with the error by placing a green triangle in the upper left of the cell. a. |Smart Tag Actions|c. |Trace Error| b. |AutoCorrect Options|d. |Auto Fill Options| ANS:CPTS:1REF:EX 96 8. The ____ button lists formatting options following an insertion of cells, row, or columns. a. |Paste Options|c. |Auto Fill Options| b. |Insert Options|d. |AutoCorrect Options| ANS:BPTS:1REF:EX 97 9. In Excel, functions can be entered using any of the following methods except the ____. . |Function command on the Tools menu|c. |Insert Function box in the formula bar| b. |keyboard or mouse|d. |AutoSum command on the Formulas tab| ANS:APTS:1REF:EX 98 10. How do you activate Range Finder to verify a formula in a cell? a. |Range Finder does not verify formulas|c. |Double-click in the cell| b. |Press the ESC key|d. |Click the Range Finder button| ANS:CPTS:1REF:EX 106 11. Us ing the ____ button on the Ribbon instructs Excel to display additional decimal places in a cell. a. |AutoFormat|c. |Increase Decimal| b. |Currency Style|d. |Percent Style| ANS:CPTS:1REF:EX 116 2. Click ____ in the Conditional Formatting gallery to display the New Formatting Rule dialog box. a. |Rule Format|c. |New Format| b. |New Rule|d. |Format Rule| ANS:BPTS:1REF:EX 119 13. When Excel starts and the blank worksheet displays on the screen, all of the columns have a default width of ____. a. |8. 43 characters, or 64 pixels|c. |12. 75 points, or 17 pixels| b. |64 characters, or 8. 43 pixels|d. |17 points, or 12. 75 pixels| ANS:APTS:1REF:EX 122 14. ____ means that the width of the column will be increased or decreased so the widest entry will fit in the column. a. Auto column adjust|c. |Auto adjust| b. |Width fit|d. |Best fit| ANS:DPTS:1REF:EX 122 15. To instruct Excel to display a hidden column, position the mouse pointer to the ____. a. |left of the column heading boundary where th e hidden column is located and then drag to the right| b. |right of the column heading boundary where the hidden column is located and then drag to the left| c. |left of the column heading boundary where the hidden column is located and then drag to the left| d. |right of the column heading boundary where the hidden column is located and then drag to the right| ANS:DPTS:1REF:EX 122 16. If you want to increase or decrease column width significantly, you can right-click a column heading and then use the ____ command on the shortcut menu to change the column’s width. a. |Column Width|c. |Width Adjustment| b. |Adjust Width|d. |Increase Column| ANS:APTS:1REF:EX 123 17. As with column widths, when you decrease the row height to 0, the row is ____. a. |hidden| b. |visible temporarily at the top of the worksheet| c. |deleted| d. |visible temporarily on the left side of the worksheet| ANS:APTS:1REF:EX 126 18. To check the spelling of the text in a single cell, ____ to make the formula bar active and then click the Spelling button on the Review tab on the Ribbon. a. |double-click the formula bar|c. |double-click the cell| b. |right-click the cell|d. |right-click the formula bar| ANS:CPTS:1REF:EX 129 19. If a single cell is selected so that the formula bar is not active and then the spell checker is started, Excel checks ____. a. |only the text in the selected cell| b. |the remainder of the worksheet, including notes and embedded charts| c. |the spelling of all sheets in the workbook| d. the remainder of the worksheet, not including notes and embedded charts| ANS:BPTS:1REF:EX 129 20. Which view allows you to create or modify a worksheet while viewing how it will look in printed format. a. |Print View|c. |Page Layout View| b. |Normal View|d. |Print Layout View| ANS:CPTS:1REF:EX 129 21. You can check formulas for errors by clicking the ____ button on the Formulas tab on the Ribbon. a. |Formul a Checker|c. |Formula| b. |Error Checking|d. |Error Validating| ANS:BPTS:1REF:EX 129 Figure 2-3 22. In the Print dialog box shown in the accompanying figure, the ____ instructs Excel to print the selected range. . |Selection option button|c. |Active sheet(s) option button| b. |Print to file check box|d. |Collate check box| ANS:APTS:1REF:EX 133 23. In the Print dialog shown in the accompanying figure, the ____ instructs Excel to print the worksheet currently on the screen or the selected worksheets. a. |Selection option button|c. |Active sheet(s) option button| b. |Print to file check box|d. |Collate check box| ANS:CPTS:1REF:EX 133 24. In the Print dialog box shown in the accompanying figure, the ____ instructs Excel to print all the worksheets with content in the workbook. a. |Entire workbook option button|c. Selection option button| b. |All option button|d. |Active sheet(s) option button| ANS:APTS:1REF:EX 133 25. In the accompanying figure, what will be printed when you click the O K button? a. |The entire workbook|c. |All pages in the worksheet| b. |The active workbook|d. |The active worksheet| ANS:DPTS:1REF:EX 133 26. Excel does not display the Print dialog box shown in the accompanying figure when the ____ is used. a. |Print button in a dialog box|c. |Print button in the Preview window| b. |Print command on the File menu|d. |Print button on the Quick Access Toolbar| ANS:DPTS:1REF:EX 133 Figure 2-2 27. In the accompanying figure, the Page Setup button displays the ____ dialog box. a. |Print setup for the page|c. |Page Setup| b. |Setup|d. |Page| ANS:CPTS:1REF:EX 133 28. The ____ button, in the accompanying figure, allows you to view the page in larger or smaller sizes in the Preview window. a. |Next page|c. |Page Setup| b. |Zoom|d. |Preview| ANS:BPTS:1REF:EX 133 29. To toggle between the values version and the formulas version of a worksheet, hold down the ____ key. a. |ALT key while pressing the ACCENT MARK (`)| b. |ALT key while pressing the SINGLE QUOTATION MARK (‘)| c. |CTRL key while pressing the ACCENT MARK (`)| . |CTRL key while pressing the SINGLE QUOTATION MARK (‘)| ANS:CPTS:1REF:EX 135 30. The formulas version verifies that you entered formulas, rather than ____, in formula-based cells. a. |text|c. |functions| b. |numbers|d. |dollar signs| ANS:BPTS:1REF:EX 135 31. The ____ of the worksheet shows the actual formulas you have entered, rather than the resulting va lues. a. |Actual symbol|c. |formulas version| b. |current version|d. |Formulas Print symbol| ANS:CPTS:1REF:EX 135 32. The process of finding and correcting errors in a worksheet is called ____. a. |searching and replacing|c. |verifying| b. |debugging|d. |validating| ANS:BPTS:1REF:EX 135 33. To import data stored on a Web site use a ____. a. |Web query|c. |Web import| b. |Web search|d. |Web copy| ANS:APTS:1REF:EX 137 34. Most Excel specialists who build Web queries use the worksheet returned from the Web query as an engine to supply data to another ____ in the workbook. a. |range|c. |cell| b. |dialog box|d. |worksheet| ANS:DPTS:1REF:EX 137 35. What name does Excel give the first blank worksheet? a. |Book1|c. |Worksheet1| b. |Workbook1|d. |Sheet1| ANS:DPTS:1REF:EX 140 36. To rename sheets, double-click the sheet tab in the lower-left corner of the window, type the new sheet name, and then ____. . |click the Cancel box|c. |click the Name box| b. |press the ESC key|d. |press the ENTER key| ANS:DPTS:1REF:EX 141 Figure 2-5 37. In the accompanying figure, what is the first step in renaming the worksheet? a. |Copy the name from an existing worksheet. | b. |Double-click the worksheet tab. | c. |Type the new name next to the old one. | d. |Delete the firs t worksheet in the workbook. | ANS:BPTS:1REF:EX 141 38. In the accompanying figure, to move between worksheets, use the ____ to the left of the sheet tabs. a. |worksheet scrolling button|c. |tab scrolling buttons| b. |worksheet advancing button|d. sheet open-close button| ANS:CPTS:1REF:EX 141 39. Longer worksheet names also can mean that ____ sheet tabs will show. a. |fewer|c. |more| b. |all|d. |no more| ANS:APTS:1REF:EX 141 40. E-mailing a workbook from Excel sends the workbook as a(n) ____ in the e-mail. a. |picture|c. |box| b. |attachment|d. |table | ANS:BPTS:1REF:EX 143 MULTIPLE RESPONSE Modified Multiple Choice 1. Which of the following are considered guidelines to use when making decisions about creating a new workbook? a. |Determine the necessary formulas and functions needed| b. |Identify how to format various elements of the worksheet| c. Specify how the printed worksheet should appear| d. |Enter data into the worksheets and format the cells| ANS:A, B, CPTS:1REF:EX 85 2. Us ing arithmetic operation, the formula, =d4*e4, is the same as which formulas? a. |D4 * E4|c. |=D4 * E4| b. |d4 * e4|d. |=d4 * e4| ANS:C, DPTS:1REF:EX 92 3. You can apply conditional formatting to ____. a. |a cell|c. |a range of cells| b. |the entire worksheet|d. |the entire workbook| ANS:A, B, C, DPTS:1REF:EX 118 4. Which buttons in the Spelling dialog box will not change the spelling of the word? a. |AutoCorrect|c. |Ignore Once| b. |Undo Last|d. |Ignore All| ANS:C, DPTS:1REF:EX 128 . Which statements are true about the Excel spell checker? a. |It can check notes and embedded charts. | b. |It can check all sheets in a workbook. | c. |It can check in one language and offer suggestions in another language. | d. |When it reaches the end of the worksheet, it will ask if you want to continue checking at the beginning. | ANS:A, B, DPTS:1REF:EX 129 TRUE/FALSE 1. The arithmetic operator, ^, directs Excel to perform the division operation. ANS:FPTS:1REF:EX 92 2. Cell references in formulas m ust be entered in uppercase, and spaces cannot be added before or after arithmetic operators. ANS:FPTS:1REF:EX 92 . Regardless of the length and complexity of a formula, using Point mode to enter formulas always is slower and less accurate than using the keyboard. ANS:FPTS:1REF:EX 94 4. When a formula is copied, Excel adjusts the cell references so the new formulas contain references corresponding to the new location and performs calculations using the appropriate values. ANS:TPTS:1REF:EX 96 5. A smart tag indicator is a block plus sign located in the center of the cell. ANS:FPTS:1REF:EX 96 6. The AVERAGE function requires that the argument (the range) be included within parentheses before the function name. ANS:FPTS:1REF:EX 98 7. When Point mode is used to enter a formula or function, the arrow keys can be used to complete the entry. ANS:FPTS:1REF:EX 100 8. Excel has more than 400 functions. ANS:TPTS:1REF:EX 104 9. One of the least common mistakes made with Excel is to include the wrong cell reference in a formula. ANS:FPTS:1REF:EX 106 10. To use Range Finder to verify that a formula contains the intended cell references, right-click the cell with the formula to be checked. ANS:FPTS:1REF:EX 106 11. Excel does not allow the contents of a cell to be aligned vertically. ANS:FPTS:1REF:EX 114 12. The Comma Style button is located on the Ribbon. ANS:TPTS:1REF:EX 115 13. When using conditional formatting, if the condition is true, then Excel applies the formatting. ANS:TPTS:1REF:EX 118 14. With conditional formatting, if the value of the cell changes and no longer meets the specified condition, Excel suppresses the conditional formatting. ANS:TPTS:1REF:EX 121 15. A character is a dot on the screen that contains a color. ANS:FPTS:1REF:EX 122 16. A pixel is defined as a letter, number, symbol, or punctuation mark in 10-point Arial font, the default font used by Excel. ANS:FPTS:1REF:EX 122 17. The default row height in a blank worksheet is 12. 75 points (or 17 pixels). ANS:FPTS:1REF:EX 122 18. To skip correcting a word identified by the spell checker, click the Ignore Once button in the Spelling dialog box. ANS:TPTS:1REF:EX 128 19. If a cell other than cell A1 is selected before starting the spell checker, Excel will display a dialog box when the spell checker reaches the end of the worksheet, asking if the spell checker should continue checking at the beginning. ANS:TPTS:1REF:EX 129 20. You can preview a worksheet using the Print Preview button on the menu bar. ANS:FPTS:1REF:EX 133 21. To import external data from a World Wide Web site, it is necessary to have access to the Internet. ANS:TPTS:1REF:EX 137 Figure 2-1 22. In the accompanying figure, the two middle scroll buttons to the left of the sheet tabs move to the first or last worksheet in the workbook. ANS:FPTS:1REF:EX 141 23. In the accompanying figure, the leftmost and rightmost scroll buttons to the left of the sheet tabs move one worksheet to the left or right. ANS:FPTS:1REF:EX 141 24. The tabs at the bottom of the worksheet window, in the accompanying figure, allow any of the worksheets in the workbook to be viewed. ANS:TPTS:1REF:EX 141 25. When a workbook is sent as an attachment to an e-mail, the recipient can double-click the attachment to open it in Excel, or save it on disk and then open it at a later time. ANS:TPTS:1REF:EX 143 COMPLETION 1. The ____________________ preceding a formula is important because it alerts Excel that a formula or function is being entered and not text. ANS:equal sign PTS:1REF:EX 91 2. Excel places a small purple triangle, called a(n) ____________________, in a cell to indicate that a smart tag is available. ANS:smart tag indicator PTS:1REF:EX 96 3. A blank cell in Excel has a numerical value of ____________________. ANS: zero 0 PTS:1REF:EX 98 . The values used with a function are called ____________________. ANS:arguments PTS:1REF:EX 98 5. The ____________________ function sums the numbers in the specified range and then divides the sum by the number of non-zero cells in the range. ANS:AVERAGE function PTS:1REF:EX 99 6. The ____________________ function displays the highest value in a ran ge. ANS:MAX PTS:1REF:EX 101 7. The ____________________ function determines the lowest value in a range. ANS:MIN PTS:1REF:EX 102 8. The ____________________ inserts a comma every three positions to the left of the decimal point and causes numbers to be displayed to the nearest hundredths. ANS:Comma Style format PTS:1REF:EX 114 9. A(n) ____________________ is a dollar sign that appears immediately to the left of the first digit in a cell with no spaces. ANS:floating dollar sign PTS:1REF:EX 117 10. Formatting that appears only when the value in a cell meets specified conditions is called ____________________. ANS:conditional formatting PTS:1REF:EX 118 11. A(n) ____________________ is defined as a letter, number, symbol, or punctuation mark in the default font used by Excel. ANS:character PTS:1REF:EX 122 12. A(n) ____________________ is a dot on the screen that contains a color. ANS:pixel PTS:1REF:EX 122 13. ____________________ means that the width of a column will be increased or decreased so the widest entry will fit in the column. ANS:Best fit PTS:1REF:EX 122 14. ____________________ is a technique that can be used to conceal data that might not be relevant to a particular report or sensitive data that others should not see. ANS:Hiding cells PTS:1REF:EX 122 Figure 2-4 15. To correct a word throughout a worksheet, click the ____________________ in the Spelling dialog box shown in the accompanying figure. ANS:Change All button PTS:1REF:EX 127 16. To append words to the dictionary, click the ____________________ in the Spelling dialog box shown in the accompanying figure when Excel identifies the word as not in the dictionary. ANS:Add to Dictionary button PTS:1REF:EX 127 17. Click the ____________________ in the Spelling dialog box shown in the accompanying figure to add a misspelled word and its correct spelling to the list of words that Excel automatically will change. ANS:AutoCorrect button PTS:1REF:EX 127 18. The ____________________ of a worksheet is the version that shows the results of the formulas entered, rather than the actual formulas. ANS:values version PTS:1REF:EX 135 19. The ____________________ of a worksheet is the version that shows the actual formulas entered, rather than the resulting values. ANS:formulas version PTS:1REF:EX 135 20. ____________________ is the process of finding and correcting errors in a worksheet. ANS:Debugging PTS:1REF:EX 135 MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE 1. The TOTAL function sums the numbers in the specified range and then divides the sum by the number of nonzero cells in the range. ANS:F, AVERAGE PTS:1REF:EX 99TOP:Critical Thinking 2. The HIGHVALUE function displays the highest value in a range. ANS:F, MAX PTS:1REF:EX 101TOP:Critical Thinking 3. The AVERAGE function displays the lowest value in a range. ANS:F, MIN PTS:1REF:EX 102TOP:Critical Thinking 4. A theme is a predefined set of colors, fonts, chart styles, cell styles, and fill effects that can be applied to an entire workbook. . ANS:TPTS:1REF:EX 107 TOP:Critical Thinking 5. A fixed dollar sign appears to the far left in the cell, often with spaces between it and the first digit; whereas a moving dollar sign appears immediately to the left of the first digit with no spaces. . ANS:F, floating PTS:1REF:EX 114TOP:Critical Thinking MATCHING Identify the letter of the choice that best matches the phrase or definition. a. |Web query|f. |smart tag| b. |order of operations|g. |function| c. |arguments|h. |pixel| d. |theme|i. |debugging| e. |condition|j. |spell checker| 1. Identifies certain actions to take on specific data in workbooks. 2. Used for importing into Excel data that is stored on a Web site. 3. Takes a value or values, performs an operation, and returns a result to the cell. 4. When more than one arithmetic operator is involved in a formula, Excel follows an order from left to right in a formula calculation. 5. A predefined set of colors, fonts, chart styles, cell styles, and fill effects that can be applied to an entire workbook. 6. A dot on the screen that contains a color and its size is based on the screen’s resolution. 7. If true, then Excel applies the formatting. If false, then Excel suppresses the formatting. 8. Compares words on the worksheet to words contained in its standard dictionary. 9. Values that are used with a function. 10. Finding and correcting errors in the worksheet. 1. ANS:FPTS:1REF:EX 96 2. ANS:APTS:1REF:EX 137 3. ANS:GPTS:1REF:EX 98 4. ANS:BPTS:1REF:EX 92 5. ANS:DPTS:1REF:EX 107 6. ANS:HPTS:1REF:EX 122 7. ANS:EPTS:1REF:EX 118 8. ANS:JPTS:1REF:EX 127 9. ANS:CPTS:1REF:EX 98 10. ANS:IPTS:1REF:EX 135 ESSAY 1. Excel’s strength lies in its handling of numbers and the presentation of them. Discuss some of the considerations to keep in mind when formatting numbers. In the discussion, include the terms fixed dollar sign, floating dollar sign, currency, and percent. ANS: Excel displays numbers using the Accounting Number Format with a dollar sign to the left of the number, inserts a comma every three positions to the left of the decimal point, and displays numbers to the nearest cent (hundredths place). Clicking the Accounting Number Format button on the Ribbon assigns the desired accounting number format. When you use the Accounting Number Format button to assign the accounting number format, Excel displays a fixed dollar sign to the far left in the cell, often with spaces between it and the first digit. The Accounting Number Format button assigns a fixed dollar sign to the numbers. To assign a floating dollar sign that appears immediately to the left of the first digit with no spaces, use the Currency Style in the Format Cells dialog box. The Comma Style format is used to instruct Excel to display numbers with commas and no dollar signs. The Comma Style format, which can be assigned to a range of cells by clicking the Comma Style button on the Ribbon, inserts a comma every three positions to the left of the decimal point and causes numbers to be displayed to the nearest hundredths. You can choose from 12 categories of formats. Once you select a category, you can select the number of decimal places, whether or not a dollar sign should be displayed, and how negative numbers should appear. Selecting the appropriate negative numbers format is important, because doing so adds a space to the right of the number in order to align the numbers in the worksheet on the decimal points. Some of the available negative number formats do not align the numbers in the worksheet on the decimal points. The Percent Style button instructs Excel to display a value as a percentage, determined by multiplying the cell entry by 100, rounding the result to the nearest percent, and adding a percent sign. PTS:1TOP:Critical Thinking 2. Discuss how to use conditional formatting, which is the feature of applying conditional operators to a cell, range, worksheet, or workbook. ANS: Excel allows an applied formatting to appear only when the value in a cell meets conditions specified by the user. This type of formatting is called conditional formatting. Any format can be conditionally assigned to a cell, a range of cells, a worksheet, or an entire workbook. If the value of the cell changes and no longer meets the specified condition, Excel suppresses the conditional formatting. Usually, conditional formatting is applied to a range of cells that contains values to highlight, if conditions warrant. For example, instructing Excel to change the color of the background of a cell if the value in the cell meets a condition, such as being less than 0. A condition, which is made up of two values and a relational operator, is true or false for each cell in the range. If the condition is true, then Excel applies the formatting. If the condition is false, then Excel suppresses the formatting. What makes conditional formatting so powerful is that the cell’s appearance can change as you enter new values in the worksheet. Conditional formatting (relational) operators include cell values that are: between or not between two numbers; equal to or not equal to a number; greater than or less than a number; greater than or equal to a number; and less than or equal to a number. PTS:1TOP:Critical Thinking 3. Discuss the relationship of debugging and displaying or printing the formulas version of a worksheet. Also describe the difference between the formulas version and the values version. ANS: The values version of the worksheet shows the results of the formulas entered, rather than the actual formulas. Excel also can display and print the formulas version of the worksheet, which shows the actual formulas entered, rather than the resulting values. Toggling between the values version and formulas version is possible by holding down the CTRL key while ressing the ACCENT MARK (`) key. The formulas version is useful for debugging a worksheet. Debugging is the process of finding and correcting errors in the worksheet. Viewing and printing the formulas version instead of the values version makes it easier to see any mistakes in the formulas. When changing from the values version to the formulas version, Excel increases the width of the columns so the formulas and text do not overflow to adjacent cells on the right. The formulas version of the worksheet usually is significantly wider than the values version. To fit the wide printout on one page, set the orientation to landscape, and the Fit to option in the Page sheet in the Page Setup dialog box. PTS:1TOP:Critical Thinking CASE Critical Thinking Questions Case 1 Leo, owner of Leo’s Bread Company, has recently acquired Excel 2007. He would like to set up a workbook to track sales of different types of breads to determine which types are the most popular among customers. He is particularly interested in sales of rye bread, onion rolls, and bagels. Leo uses the Accounting Number Format with the sales numbers he enters into the cells. . After Leo enters the sales numbers into the cells, he decides he does not want the fixed dollar sign to appear on the far left of the cell, separated by white spaces from the actual value. He would prefer that the dollar sign appear immediately to the left of the first digit of the number. To format the location of the dollar sign, which category on the Number tab in the Format Cells dialog box would he select? a. |General|c. |Currency| b. |Number|d. |Accounting| ANS: C PTS:1REF:EX 114 | 116TOP:Critical Thinking 2. The worksheets still have the default names assigned to them automatically by Excel. How would Leo rename the worksheets to Rye Bread, Onion Rolls, and Bagels? a. |In cell A1, press ALT+ENTER keys and type the new name. |c. |Select cell A1 of the worksheet and type the new name. | b. |Double-click the worksheet tab, type the new name, and press the ENTER key. |d. |Click the top center cell on the worksheet and type the new name. | ANS: B PTS:1REF:EX 141TOP:Critical Thinking Critical Thinking Questions Case 2 Anna is a competitive runner. She wants to improve her performance and decides to keep track of data for six months to determine if the time of day or year affects performance numbers. On a single worksheet, she labels the columns B through E as follows: (B) Start Time, (C) End Time, (D) Total Time, (E) Distance. The rows are labeled: (2) Date, (3)Maximum, (4) Average, (5) Minimum. 3. After three months, Anna wants to know the longest total time she has run, as listed in the Total Time column. By looking at the values in the column, she finds the longest total time to be 54 minutes. Instead of manually entering that value in cell D3 (Maximum Total Time), Anna decides to use the MAX function to determine the value rather than manually entering the 54 minutes. Why did Anna prefer to use the MAX function? a. |She believes that 54 minutes is her best running time. |c. |She believes that 54 minutes is not her best running time. | b. |The MAX function recalculates the highest value each time a new value is entered into the worksheet. |d. |The MAX function provides a constant value that will not change for this cell when a new value is entered into the worksheet. | ANS: B PTS:1REF:EX 102TOP:Critical Thinking 4. When she sets up the worksheet, Anna wants to the know the average distance she runs. What should she do in cell E4 to determine the average distance? a. |Enter the text =av and then select the AVERAGE function from the AutoComplete list; then enter the cell range. |c. |Enter the text =function and then select the AVERAGE function from the AutoFunction list; then enter the cell range. | b. |Enter the text E2:E9 and then enter the cell range. |d. |Enter the text E2:E9/9 and then enter the cell range. | ANS: A PTS:1REF:EX 99TOP:Critical Thinking